NUR 252- Perfusion Practice Questions
and Correct Answers
Perfusion ✅The flow of blood through the arteries and capillaries delivering nutrients
and O2 to cells and removing cellular waste products
Occurs when blood supply is available but decreased ✅When does Ischemia occur?
Occurs with prolonged ischemia, eventually leading to necrosis and death of affected
tissue ✅When does Infarction occur?
Cardiac Output ✅An outcome of coordinated effects of electrical and mechanical
factors that move blood through the heart into the peripheral vascular system
Propels blood to all organs and their tissues from arteries through capillaries and
returns the blood to the heart through veins ✅What does Cardiac Output do?
Local/Total Perfusion ✅Volume of blood that flows through target tissues
Perfusion Systole: When does this happen? ✅Contraction of the Ventricles
Perfusion Diastole ✅Ventricles relax to fill with blood (pressure is higher in the atria
causing the movement of blood from the atria to the ventricles) - The higher atrial
pressures passively open the mitral and tricuspid valves allowing blood to fill the
ventricles
Impaired Central Occlusion ✅Any occlusion or constriction of coronary arteries that
reduces blood flow to the myocardium can result in myocardial infarction and thus
decrease in cardiac output.
Shock ✅Inability of central perfusion to supply blood to peripheral tissues
Atherosclerosis and Thrombi ✅Examples of Occlusion of arteries or veins
Frostbite ✅Example of Constriction of arteries or veins
Aneurysms ✅Example of Dilation of arteries or veins
Ischemia ✅Reversible cellular injury that occurs when demand for oxygen exceeds
supply
, Impaired Central Perfusion ✅Any occlusion or constriction of coronary arteries that
reduces blood flow to the myocardium can result in myocardial infarction and thus
decrease in cardiac output
Interrupts blood flow to the heart ✅What does Altered impulse conduction through
heart do?
Impairs flow of blood through the heart ✅What happens when there is a malfunction of
heart valves?
central obesity ✅What type of obesity is associated with the "apple shape"?
Insulin resistance ✅Body uses insulin less effectively than normal. Increase in blood
sugar and increase in fat
vital signs
cardiac assessment
neurological assessment ✅What are signs and symptoms you would anticipate seeing
in your patients that exhibit impaired central perfusion?
Venous Insufficiency ✅Altered structure and function of veins --> impaired venous
return --> chronic pooling --> valve damage
LDL<100mg/dL ✅With Hyperlipidemia/Dyslipidemia what do we want our LDL level to
be?
HDL>40mg/dL ✅With Hyperlipidemia/Dyslipidemia what do we want our HDL level to
be?
<200mg/dL ✅With Hyperlipidemia/Dyslipidemia what do we want our Total Cholesterol
number to be?
<150mg/dL ✅With Hyperlipidemia/Dyslipidemia what do we want our Triglyceride level
to be?
High CO2 levels ✅A patient with healthy lungs has a respiratory drive stimulated by?
a. Tachypnea
d. Chest Pain ✅Which assessment finding would be expected in a patient who
presents to the Emergency Department with a Pulmonary Embolism (PE)?
a. Tachypnea
b. Tachycardia
c. Restlessness
d. Chest Pain
and Correct Answers
Perfusion ✅The flow of blood through the arteries and capillaries delivering nutrients
and O2 to cells and removing cellular waste products
Occurs when blood supply is available but decreased ✅When does Ischemia occur?
Occurs with prolonged ischemia, eventually leading to necrosis and death of affected
tissue ✅When does Infarction occur?
Cardiac Output ✅An outcome of coordinated effects of electrical and mechanical
factors that move blood through the heart into the peripheral vascular system
Propels blood to all organs and their tissues from arteries through capillaries and
returns the blood to the heart through veins ✅What does Cardiac Output do?
Local/Total Perfusion ✅Volume of blood that flows through target tissues
Perfusion Systole: When does this happen? ✅Contraction of the Ventricles
Perfusion Diastole ✅Ventricles relax to fill with blood (pressure is higher in the atria
causing the movement of blood from the atria to the ventricles) - The higher atrial
pressures passively open the mitral and tricuspid valves allowing blood to fill the
ventricles
Impaired Central Occlusion ✅Any occlusion or constriction of coronary arteries that
reduces blood flow to the myocardium can result in myocardial infarction and thus
decrease in cardiac output.
Shock ✅Inability of central perfusion to supply blood to peripheral tissues
Atherosclerosis and Thrombi ✅Examples of Occlusion of arteries or veins
Frostbite ✅Example of Constriction of arteries or veins
Aneurysms ✅Example of Dilation of arteries or veins
Ischemia ✅Reversible cellular injury that occurs when demand for oxygen exceeds
supply
, Impaired Central Perfusion ✅Any occlusion or constriction of coronary arteries that
reduces blood flow to the myocardium can result in myocardial infarction and thus
decrease in cardiac output
Interrupts blood flow to the heart ✅What does Altered impulse conduction through
heart do?
Impairs flow of blood through the heart ✅What happens when there is a malfunction of
heart valves?
central obesity ✅What type of obesity is associated with the "apple shape"?
Insulin resistance ✅Body uses insulin less effectively than normal. Increase in blood
sugar and increase in fat
vital signs
cardiac assessment
neurological assessment ✅What are signs and symptoms you would anticipate seeing
in your patients that exhibit impaired central perfusion?
Venous Insufficiency ✅Altered structure and function of veins --> impaired venous
return --> chronic pooling --> valve damage
LDL<100mg/dL ✅With Hyperlipidemia/Dyslipidemia what do we want our LDL level to
be?
HDL>40mg/dL ✅With Hyperlipidemia/Dyslipidemia what do we want our HDL level to
be?
<200mg/dL ✅With Hyperlipidemia/Dyslipidemia what do we want our Total Cholesterol
number to be?
<150mg/dL ✅With Hyperlipidemia/Dyslipidemia what do we want our Triglyceride level
to be?
High CO2 levels ✅A patient with healthy lungs has a respiratory drive stimulated by?
a. Tachypnea
d. Chest Pain ✅Which assessment finding would be expected in a patient who
presents to the Emergency Department with a Pulmonary Embolism (PE)?
a. Tachypnea
b. Tachycardia
c. Restlessness
d. Chest Pain
