CSC 111 Exam #1 Questions and Answers

CSC 111 Exam #1 Questions and Answers Central Processing Unit What does CPU stand for? Basic Input Output System What is BIOS an acronym for? Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:15 Full screen Brainpower Read More One Million Approximately how many bytes make one Megabyte? Gigabytes The capacity of your hard drive is measured in? Microsoft Windows Which of the following is an operating system you would be using on the computer? Random Access Memory What does RAM stand for? Hardware Physical components that make up your computer are known as: Application Software Word processing, spreadsheet, and photo-editing are examples of: Gigabyte A ____________ is approximately one billion bytes. Binary Computers use the ____________ language to process data. The Operating System What manages Processes, Memory, Disks, and I/O devices? Local Area Network 'LAN' means? 8 bits One byte is equivalent to? Software The instructions that tell the computer what to do and how to do it is? ROM BIOS From what location are the 1st computer instructions available on boot up? Silicon Out of what material are computer chips made? Starting up the computer What job is a computer chip not responsible for? RAM and ROM To what do buses and lines connect in a computer chip? Read-only memory What does ROM stand for? Loads the operating system, and tests the hardware in the machine On a PC, what do the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) instructions do? The motherboard The CPU is included on a central component of the computer known as? Clock Speed What is the rate at which a CPU can execute instructions? Cache memory The memory that a CPU can use directly is called? Moore's Law There's a concept that states that the number of transistors manufacturers can pack into a chip of the same size doubles every two years. What's it called? Transistor What acts as a switch to control the flow of electricity current? ALU What part of the processor performs arithmetic and logic operations? 1,000 How many bytes are there in one kilobyte? Keyboard What is an example of an input device? Printer What is an example of an output device? Software ____________________ tells the microprocessor what to do. Fetch The first step of a microprocessor is ______________ Decode The second step of a microprocessor is _____________________. Execute The third step of a microprocessor is ____________________. Math operation Decode decides on the ______________. Does the math What does execute do in the microprocessor? Second A microprocessor works millions of times per _________________ 0s and 1s A binary code is made up of ___________________. Transistors There are millions of tiny _________________ on a microprocessor. Bit A _________ is the smallest unit of digital information. Power On Self Test POST is the? Hardware Device drivers are coded instructions for specific _________ peripheral devices True, False Boolean expressions are logical operations based on whether a statement is _______ or _______ Brain The CPU is often referred to as the ________ of the computer. Warer, air, and oil What is used to keep the CPU from overheating? ROM Which of the following retains the information it's storing when the power to the system is turned off? Network Interface Card (NIC) What is the device that connects the computer to the LAN? instruction Cycles How is the CPU speed measured? Magnetic, Optical, and Non-volatile What are the three types of storage devices? Store What is the fourth step of a microprocessor? Operating System What is a program that manages and controls a computer's activities? (Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, Linux) Decimal What numbering system has base 10? Binary What numbering system has base 2? Hexidecimal What numbering system has base 16? Algorithm What is a set of instructions to solve a particular problem and provide a solution? Pseudocode What is an English, non-computer language, that algorithms are typically written in? Each line of this represents a line of code in programming. Control Structures In programming, what are the statements that organize the instructions that specify the behaviors of objects? Sequence, Selection/Decision, and Loop What are the three types of control structures? Sequential Logic Structure What type of Control Structure preforms an action or task and continues steep-by-step until the end. Selection/Decision Structure What type of Control Structure asks a question, and depending on the answer, takes one of two courses of action? (if-then-else structure) Loop Structure What type of Control Structure repeats actions while a condition remains true? (while...do structure)