CCTC Study Guide Questions with
All Correct Answers
What types of cells are considered APC's - Answer- Dendritic Cells, Monocytes and
Macrophages
APC's are known as scavengers-why? - Answer- they engulf debris of dead cells
especially in apoptotic cell death
which cells engulf foreign cells and express them on cell surface? - Answer-
macrophages
What activates APC's - Answer- if they eat a foreign antigen
Direct Pathway for APC always comes from the:
a. donor
b. recipient - Answer- A. Donor
Donor APC's are also known as - Answer- Passenger Leukocytes (along for the ride
with the donor organ)
Indirect Pathway for APC always comes from the:
a. recipient
b. donor - Answer- A. Recipient
How do Recipient APC's function - Answer- they can absorb and present foreign donor
antigens and present them to CD4 T helper cells
which cells are key to recognizing foreign proteins - Answer- Lymphocytes
How do lymphocytes function - Answer- they mount a response to foreign antigens
name the 3 t-cell sub-groups based - Answer- Helper = CD4
Cytotoxic = CD8
B Lymphocytes
t helper cells - CD4 - Answer- directly communicate with other cells and communicate
via cytokines
what are the two types of t helper cells - Answer- t helper 1 (with cellular response)
, t helper 2 ( with humoral response)
t helper 1's bind with... - Answer- class two antigens
what order does the cellular response happen - Answer- t helper 1's bind, release IL2,
stimulates effector t-cells (aka CD8) or macrophage, once activated they attack donor
cells
what is the mechanism of the humoral response - Answer- t helper 2 secretes IL4, Il5,
Il6
what stimulates the proliferation of B lymphocytes - Answer- the secretion of IL4-IL6
B lymphocytes turn into what - Answer- plasma cells
Plasma cells produce what? - Answer- antibodies
Cytotoxic T cells are otherwise known as - Answer- CD8 cells
what are CD8 cells activated by - Answer- IL2 release
How do CD8 cells kill target cells - Answer- adhering to foreign antigens associated with
class 1 molecules
name a co receptor molecule on a cell membrane - Answer- CD8 cell
Where are B lymphocytes made? - Answer- bone marrow
3 a's in cellular immunity - Answer- antigen cells (macrophages), Alert helper T cells
that a foreign (non self) entity is present, Activate mechanism to destroy non self cells
what mechanism activates cellular immunity - Answer- determined by reticuloendothelial
system
Name the three Immune System Protection Mechanisms - Answer- surveillance,
defense and homeostasis
Surveillance - Answer- recognize antigens (foreign) on cell membranes and
microorganisms
Defence - Answer- destruction of foreign entities and specific targeting thru Humoral or
Cellular Mechanism
Homeostasis - Answer- Balance protection and destruction
All Correct Answers
What types of cells are considered APC's - Answer- Dendritic Cells, Monocytes and
Macrophages
APC's are known as scavengers-why? - Answer- they engulf debris of dead cells
especially in apoptotic cell death
which cells engulf foreign cells and express them on cell surface? - Answer-
macrophages
What activates APC's - Answer- if they eat a foreign antigen
Direct Pathway for APC always comes from the:
a. donor
b. recipient - Answer- A. Donor
Donor APC's are also known as - Answer- Passenger Leukocytes (along for the ride
with the donor organ)
Indirect Pathway for APC always comes from the:
a. recipient
b. donor - Answer- A. Recipient
How do Recipient APC's function - Answer- they can absorb and present foreign donor
antigens and present them to CD4 T helper cells
which cells are key to recognizing foreign proteins - Answer- Lymphocytes
How do lymphocytes function - Answer- they mount a response to foreign antigens
name the 3 t-cell sub-groups based - Answer- Helper = CD4
Cytotoxic = CD8
B Lymphocytes
t helper cells - CD4 - Answer- directly communicate with other cells and communicate
via cytokines
what are the two types of t helper cells - Answer- t helper 1 (with cellular response)
, t helper 2 ( with humoral response)
t helper 1's bind with... - Answer- class two antigens
what order does the cellular response happen - Answer- t helper 1's bind, release IL2,
stimulates effector t-cells (aka CD8) or macrophage, once activated they attack donor
cells
what is the mechanism of the humoral response - Answer- t helper 2 secretes IL4, Il5,
Il6
what stimulates the proliferation of B lymphocytes - Answer- the secretion of IL4-IL6
B lymphocytes turn into what - Answer- plasma cells
Plasma cells produce what? - Answer- antibodies
Cytotoxic T cells are otherwise known as - Answer- CD8 cells
what are CD8 cells activated by - Answer- IL2 release
How do CD8 cells kill target cells - Answer- adhering to foreign antigens associated with
class 1 molecules
name a co receptor molecule on a cell membrane - Answer- CD8 cell
Where are B lymphocytes made? - Answer- bone marrow
3 a's in cellular immunity - Answer- antigen cells (macrophages), Alert helper T cells
that a foreign (non self) entity is present, Activate mechanism to destroy non self cells
what mechanism activates cellular immunity - Answer- determined by reticuloendothelial
system
Name the three Immune System Protection Mechanisms - Answer- surveillance,
defense and homeostasis
Surveillance - Answer- recognize antigens (foreign) on cell membranes and
microorganisms
Defence - Answer- destruction of foreign entities and specific targeting thru Humoral or
Cellular Mechanism
Homeostasis - Answer- Balance protection and destruction
