Psychology 1200 exam 2 || with Complete Solutions.
Sensation correct answers The process of detecting external events by sense organs and turing
those stimuli into neural signals
Perceptual Magic in art correct answers -rely heavily on our senses to tell us whats going on
-sound magic - how humans interpret sound
Perception correct answers Involves attending to, organizing, and interpreting stimuli that we
sense.
eg. recognizing the sound of human voice
Transduction correct answers The process of converting basic sensory information into neural
activity that the brain can interpret
-gives rise to new internal representation of the world
Johannes Muiller correct answers -"diffrent senses are separated in the brain"
- known as doctrine of specific nerve energies
Orienting Responce correct answers How quickly we change our attention to stimuli that signal
change in our sensory world
Sensory Adaptation correct answers The reducing of activity in sensory receptors with repeated
exposure to a stimulus
eg. car noises while studying become quite, we adjust our surrounding and shift focus
eg. watching tv, we don't pay attention to when the camera angle changes
William Gustav Fechner correct answers Psychophysics: field of study that explores how
physical energy and intensity relate to psychological experience
Absolute Threshold correct answers minimum amount of energy or quantity of a stimulus
required for it to be reliably detected at least 50% of the time it is present
Difference Threshold correct answers Smallest difference between stimuli that can be reliably
detected at lest 50% of the time
eg. salt on food
Signal detection theory correct answers a stimulus perceived depends on both sensory experience
and judgment made by the subject
1. sensory process
2. decision process
Sensory Process correct answers experimenter provides a fake stimulus or none at all
Decision Process correct answers subject asked to report whether or not a stimulus was actually
present
,What are four possible outcomes to decision process? correct answers 1. Hit - you were correct
you head it
2. Correct Rejection - correct you did not hear it
3. False alarm - you though you did, but you didn't
4. Miss- fail to detect
Gastalt psychology correct answers the idea that something more than the parts emerges out of
the way that we organize perceptual features
Psychophysis correct answers How physical events relate to psychology
Figure and Ground correct answers at a party, talking to someone with loud music playing, you
start listening to the music and not the person
figure = music
ground = drowning voice
-focusing on one thing and not the other
EG -the cloud appears closer to use than the sky - we use visual features to determine which are
the objects in out environment and what parts are the background.
Proximity correct answers grouping based on closeness of space
eg. eggs 2 rows of 6 or 6 rows of 2
Similarity correct answers grouping objects together according to features
eg. people in uniform
Continuity correct answers "good communication"
-lines and other objects continues
Closure correct answers Tendency of filling in gaps
Divided attention correct answers paying attention to more than one stimulus or talk at the the
same time
-not affecting to our performance
Selective attention correct answers focusing on one particular event or task
inattentional blindness correct answers a failure to notice a clearly visible event or objects
because attention is directed elsewhere
eg. missing gorilla dance around
eg. refs in sports
Amplitude correct answers height of the wave
Saturation correct answers light that consists of a mixture of different wavelengths have low
saturation
, -light wavelengths that consist of mostly one wavelength have high saturation
Low amplitude correct answers used to see dim colours
High amplitude correct answers used to see bright colours
Sclera correct answers The white, outer surface of the eye
Cornea correct answers The colour layer that covers the front portion of the eye and contributes
to the ability to focus
-light enters the cornea and passes through the pupil
Pupil correct answers regulates amount of light that entries by changing its size, t dilates to allow
more light to genre and constrict to allow less light into the eye.
Iris correct answers the round muscle that adjust the size of the purple, gives eye colour.
Lens correct answers Clear structure focuses light onto the back of the eye
Retina correct answers lines the inner surface of they eye and consists of specialized receptors
that absorb light and send signals related to the properties of light to the brain
Ganglion cells correct answers gather information from photoreceptors
-respond to red
Optic nerve correct answers Dense bundle of fibres that connect to the brain
Blind spot correct answers a space that lacks photoreceptors
Does the brain fill in missing information? correct answers yes!
what are two types of photoreceptors correct answers Rods and cones
Rods correct answers photoreceptors that occupy peripheral regions of the retina; highly
sensitive under low light levels
- see black and grey
Cones correct answers photoreceptors that are sensitive to the different wavelengths of light that
we perceive as colour
- cluster around fovea
Fovea correct answers central region of retina
How many rods for every ganglion cell? correct answers 10
Sensation correct answers The process of detecting external events by sense organs and turing
those stimuli into neural signals
Perceptual Magic in art correct answers -rely heavily on our senses to tell us whats going on
-sound magic - how humans interpret sound
Perception correct answers Involves attending to, organizing, and interpreting stimuli that we
sense.
eg. recognizing the sound of human voice
Transduction correct answers The process of converting basic sensory information into neural
activity that the brain can interpret
-gives rise to new internal representation of the world
Johannes Muiller correct answers -"diffrent senses are separated in the brain"
- known as doctrine of specific nerve energies
Orienting Responce correct answers How quickly we change our attention to stimuli that signal
change in our sensory world
Sensory Adaptation correct answers The reducing of activity in sensory receptors with repeated
exposure to a stimulus
eg. car noises while studying become quite, we adjust our surrounding and shift focus
eg. watching tv, we don't pay attention to when the camera angle changes
William Gustav Fechner correct answers Psychophysics: field of study that explores how
physical energy and intensity relate to psychological experience
Absolute Threshold correct answers minimum amount of energy or quantity of a stimulus
required for it to be reliably detected at least 50% of the time it is present
Difference Threshold correct answers Smallest difference between stimuli that can be reliably
detected at lest 50% of the time
eg. salt on food
Signal detection theory correct answers a stimulus perceived depends on both sensory experience
and judgment made by the subject
1. sensory process
2. decision process
Sensory Process correct answers experimenter provides a fake stimulus or none at all
Decision Process correct answers subject asked to report whether or not a stimulus was actually
present
,What are four possible outcomes to decision process? correct answers 1. Hit - you were correct
you head it
2. Correct Rejection - correct you did not hear it
3. False alarm - you though you did, but you didn't
4. Miss- fail to detect
Gastalt psychology correct answers the idea that something more than the parts emerges out of
the way that we organize perceptual features
Psychophysis correct answers How physical events relate to psychology
Figure and Ground correct answers at a party, talking to someone with loud music playing, you
start listening to the music and not the person
figure = music
ground = drowning voice
-focusing on one thing and not the other
EG -the cloud appears closer to use than the sky - we use visual features to determine which are
the objects in out environment and what parts are the background.
Proximity correct answers grouping based on closeness of space
eg. eggs 2 rows of 6 or 6 rows of 2
Similarity correct answers grouping objects together according to features
eg. people in uniform
Continuity correct answers "good communication"
-lines and other objects continues
Closure correct answers Tendency of filling in gaps
Divided attention correct answers paying attention to more than one stimulus or talk at the the
same time
-not affecting to our performance
Selective attention correct answers focusing on one particular event or task
inattentional blindness correct answers a failure to notice a clearly visible event or objects
because attention is directed elsewhere
eg. missing gorilla dance around
eg. refs in sports
Amplitude correct answers height of the wave
Saturation correct answers light that consists of a mixture of different wavelengths have low
saturation
, -light wavelengths that consist of mostly one wavelength have high saturation
Low amplitude correct answers used to see dim colours
High amplitude correct answers used to see bright colours
Sclera correct answers The white, outer surface of the eye
Cornea correct answers The colour layer that covers the front portion of the eye and contributes
to the ability to focus
-light enters the cornea and passes through the pupil
Pupil correct answers regulates amount of light that entries by changing its size, t dilates to allow
more light to genre and constrict to allow less light into the eye.
Iris correct answers the round muscle that adjust the size of the purple, gives eye colour.
Lens correct answers Clear structure focuses light onto the back of the eye
Retina correct answers lines the inner surface of they eye and consists of specialized receptors
that absorb light and send signals related to the properties of light to the brain
Ganglion cells correct answers gather information from photoreceptors
-respond to red
Optic nerve correct answers Dense bundle of fibres that connect to the brain
Blind spot correct answers a space that lacks photoreceptors
Does the brain fill in missing information? correct answers yes!
what are two types of photoreceptors correct answers Rods and cones
Rods correct answers photoreceptors that occupy peripheral regions of the retina; highly
sensitive under low light levels
- see black and grey
Cones correct answers photoreceptors that are sensitive to the different wavelengths of light that
we perceive as colour
- cluster around fovea
Fovea correct answers central region of retina
How many rods for every ganglion cell? correct answers 10
