NRSG 3100 Exam #4
Ventricular pulse rate - correct answer ✔40-30
AV pacer rate - correct answer ✔60-405
What is makes up stroke volume - correct answer ✔preload, afterload, and
contractility
Normal stroke volume - correct answer ✔60-70%
TTE vs TEE - correct answer ✔transthoracic vs transesophageal
echocardiogram. TEE is more sensitive and accurate for finding vegetations
preload - correct answer ✔Degree of stretch of the ventricular cardiac
muscles at the end of diastole
Afterload: - correct answer ✔Resistance to ejection of blood from the
ventricle; systemic or pulmonary vascular resistance
Sodium channel blockers - correct answer ✔procainamide (Pronestyl)
lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Beta blockers - correct answer ✔propranolol (Inderal)
esmolol (Brevibloc)
,Potassium channel blockers - correct answer ✔amiodarone (Cordarone)
Calcium channel blockers - correct answer ✔diltiazem (Cardizem)
verapamil (Calan)
Class 1 Antidysrhythmics - correct answer ✔Sodium channel blockers
ONE dash of SALT
Class 2 antiarrhythmics - correct answer ✔Beta-blockers
2 Bs
Class 3 antiarrhythmics - correct answer ✔Potassium channel blockers
3 rhymes with P
Class 4 antiarrhythmics - correct answer ✔calcium channel blockers
4 letters in milk
What is the largest group of antiarrhythmics - correct answer ✔Sodium
channel blockers group
MOA of sodium channel blockers - correct answer ✔prevent depolarization
Suppresses ectopic pacemaker activity
Signs of cardiotoxicty caused by Na channel blockers - correct answer
✔increased PR and QT intervals and/or widening QRS
Class IA Na channel blockers - correct answer ✔Procainamide (Pronestryl)
, Class IB Na channel blockers - correct answer ✔lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Class of Procainamide (Pronestyl) - correct answer ✔Broad spectrum anti-
dysrthymias used for both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias
MOA of procainamide (Pronestyl) - correct answer ✔blocks sodium channels
in myocardial cells; reducing automaticity and slowing velocity of the action
potential across the myocardium
When is procainamide given - correct answer ✔Considered a drug of last
resort for cardiac life support due to its toxicity; used when other drugs have
failed to reverse severe dysrhythmia
Most common, serious side effects of procainamide - correct answer
✔Confusion of psychosis
BBW for procainamide (Pronestyl) - correct answer ✔Chronic use may result
in a lupus-like syndrome (increased ANAs)
Blood dyscrasias (monitor CBC, discontinue at first sign of possible
dyscrasias)
When to not give procainamide (Pronestyl) - correct answer ✔2nd or 3rd
degree AV block!!!
severe HF, peripheral neuropathy, myasthenia gravis, lupus!!!
use caution with bone marrow depression
Ventricular pulse rate - correct answer ✔40-30
AV pacer rate - correct answer ✔60-405
What is makes up stroke volume - correct answer ✔preload, afterload, and
contractility
Normal stroke volume - correct answer ✔60-70%
TTE vs TEE - correct answer ✔transthoracic vs transesophageal
echocardiogram. TEE is more sensitive and accurate for finding vegetations
preload - correct answer ✔Degree of stretch of the ventricular cardiac
muscles at the end of diastole
Afterload: - correct answer ✔Resistance to ejection of blood from the
ventricle; systemic or pulmonary vascular resistance
Sodium channel blockers - correct answer ✔procainamide (Pronestyl)
lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Beta blockers - correct answer ✔propranolol (Inderal)
esmolol (Brevibloc)
,Potassium channel blockers - correct answer ✔amiodarone (Cordarone)
Calcium channel blockers - correct answer ✔diltiazem (Cardizem)
verapamil (Calan)
Class 1 Antidysrhythmics - correct answer ✔Sodium channel blockers
ONE dash of SALT
Class 2 antiarrhythmics - correct answer ✔Beta-blockers
2 Bs
Class 3 antiarrhythmics - correct answer ✔Potassium channel blockers
3 rhymes with P
Class 4 antiarrhythmics - correct answer ✔calcium channel blockers
4 letters in milk
What is the largest group of antiarrhythmics - correct answer ✔Sodium
channel blockers group
MOA of sodium channel blockers - correct answer ✔prevent depolarization
Suppresses ectopic pacemaker activity
Signs of cardiotoxicty caused by Na channel blockers - correct answer
✔increased PR and QT intervals and/or widening QRS
Class IA Na channel blockers - correct answer ✔Procainamide (Pronestryl)
, Class IB Na channel blockers - correct answer ✔lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Class of Procainamide (Pronestyl) - correct answer ✔Broad spectrum anti-
dysrthymias used for both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias
MOA of procainamide (Pronestyl) - correct answer ✔blocks sodium channels
in myocardial cells; reducing automaticity and slowing velocity of the action
potential across the myocardium
When is procainamide given - correct answer ✔Considered a drug of last
resort for cardiac life support due to its toxicity; used when other drugs have
failed to reverse severe dysrhythmia
Most common, serious side effects of procainamide - correct answer
✔Confusion of psychosis
BBW for procainamide (Pronestyl) - correct answer ✔Chronic use may result
in a lupus-like syndrome (increased ANAs)
Blood dyscrasias (monitor CBC, discontinue at first sign of possible
dyscrasias)
When to not give procainamide (Pronestyl) - correct answer ✔2nd or 3rd
degree AV block!!!
severe HF, peripheral neuropathy, myasthenia gravis, lupus!!!
use caution with bone marrow depression
