Biomedical Engineering Midterm || with Accurate Answers
100%.
physiology correct answers how body functions; how organs and systems in body work properly
(correct interactions)
pathophysiology correct answers diseased states; function of disease, what's going wrong in body
Design criteria of biomedical engineering correct answers physiology- what we want;
pathophysiology- what needs fixing
homeostasis correct answers normal operation of body; dependent on body functions acting
normally; responding to external cues (dynamic)
tissue organization correct answers organ systems -> organs -> subunits -> cells
cell correct answers basic building block of body; comprised of nucleus, cytoplasm, golgi,
lysosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic recticulum
nucleus correct answers cell brain, holds important info
cytoplasm correct answers nutrients
mitochondria correct answers energy factory
golgi correct answers production
lysosomes correct answers garbage disposal
rough and smooth ER correct answers production
body fluids correct answers extracellular, intracellular, transcellular; solid -80%, interstitual
fluid- 17%, plasma- 4%
extracellular correct answers outside cells; interstitial fluid, filtrate from plasma
intracellular correct answers in cells
transcellular correct answers between cells
components of transcellular fluid correct answers synovial fluid, pericardial fluid, cerebrospinal
fluid, sweat, digestive fluid, intraoccular fluid, cartilage, ECM
ECM (extracellular matrix) correct answers scaffold between cells holding them together;
proteins
, osmolarity for proper body function correct answers 80% NaCl
Ringer's Solution correct answers experimental model of physiological fluids
osmotic pressure correct answers retains plasma proteins; interstitual (outside vessel) pressure
colloid osmotic pressure correct answers 28 mmHg, 9 mmHg due to plasma protein retention,
9mmHg cations retained outside ECM due to electrostatic interactions
blood flow diagram correct answers heart pumps blood throughout body -> arteries -> -> ->
capillaries
capillaries correct answers smallest blood vessels, responsible for oxygen and nutrient transfer,
single cell (endothelial cell+ base membrane) layer
shear stress correct answers shear force/unit area
viscosity correct answers physical property characterizing fluid resistance to flow; blood models
as Newtonian; measure of fluid's resistance to deformation under shear stress
why is blood non-newtonian correct answers complex fluid
proteins in blood correct answers albumin, globulins, fibrinogen
albumin correct answers regulates osmotic pressure, pH
globulins correct answers alpha, beta, gamma; alpha and beta responsible for solute transport,
gamma responsible for immune function
fibrinogen correct answers clotting cascades; conversion to longer strands as part of clotting
cascade
serum correct answers fluid remaining after blood clots; blood minus all cells and all clotting
proteins
thrombocytes correct answers cells involved in thrombosis (clotting), platelets; 4.5% blood
content
erythrocytes correct answers red blood cells, 95% of blood content, responsible for O2 and CO2
transport
leukocytes correct answers white blood cells, immune functioning cells; 0.5% blood content
hemoglobin correct answers oxygen binds to; interacts with nitrous oxide (expansion/constriction
of blood vessels)
100%.
physiology correct answers how body functions; how organs and systems in body work properly
(correct interactions)
pathophysiology correct answers diseased states; function of disease, what's going wrong in body
Design criteria of biomedical engineering correct answers physiology- what we want;
pathophysiology- what needs fixing
homeostasis correct answers normal operation of body; dependent on body functions acting
normally; responding to external cues (dynamic)
tissue organization correct answers organ systems -> organs -> subunits -> cells
cell correct answers basic building block of body; comprised of nucleus, cytoplasm, golgi,
lysosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic recticulum
nucleus correct answers cell brain, holds important info
cytoplasm correct answers nutrients
mitochondria correct answers energy factory
golgi correct answers production
lysosomes correct answers garbage disposal
rough and smooth ER correct answers production
body fluids correct answers extracellular, intracellular, transcellular; solid -80%, interstitual
fluid- 17%, plasma- 4%
extracellular correct answers outside cells; interstitial fluid, filtrate from plasma
intracellular correct answers in cells
transcellular correct answers between cells
components of transcellular fluid correct answers synovial fluid, pericardial fluid, cerebrospinal
fluid, sweat, digestive fluid, intraoccular fluid, cartilage, ECM
ECM (extracellular matrix) correct answers scaffold between cells holding them together;
proteins
, osmolarity for proper body function correct answers 80% NaCl
Ringer's Solution correct answers experimental model of physiological fluids
osmotic pressure correct answers retains plasma proteins; interstitual (outside vessel) pressure
colloid osmotic pressure correct answers 28 mmHg, 9 mmHg due to plasma protein retention,
9mmHg cations retained outside ECM due to electrostatic interactions
blood flow diagram correct answers heart pumps blood throughout body -> arteries -> -> ->
capillaries
capillaries correct answers smallest blood vessels, responsible for oxygen and nutrient transfer,
single cell (endothelial cell+ base membrane) layer
shear stress correct answers shear force/unit area
viscosity correct answers physical property characterizing fluid resistance to flow; blood models
as Newtonian; measure of fluid's resistance to deformation under shear stress
why is blood non-newtonian correct answers complex fluid
proteins in blood correct answers albumin, globulins, fibrinogen
albumin correct answers regulates osmotic pressure, pH
globulins correct answers alpha, beta, gamma; alpha and beta responsible for solute transport,
gamma responsible for immune function
fibrinogen correct answers clotting cascades; conversion to longer strands as part of clotting
cascade
serum correct answers fluid remaining after blood clots; blood minus all cells and all clotting
proteins
thrombocytes correct answers cells involved in thrombosis (clotting), platelets; 4.5% blood
content
erythrocytes correct answers red blood cells, 95% of blood content, responsible for O2 and CO2
transport
leukocytes correct answers white blood cells, immune functioning cells; 0.5% blood content
hemoglobin correct answers oxygen binds to; interacts with nitrous oxide (expansion/constriction
of blood vessels)
