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Summary Pre WW1 German and Anti- German Alliances
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Pre WW1 German and Anti- German Alliances
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The Austro- German Dual Alliance of Three Emperors The Triple Alliance Mediterranean AgreementsAlliance 1879 1881 1882 1887
-If one of them was attacked by Russia, the -Austria-Hungary, and Germany agreed that the -Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy -Bismark wanted to stop Russian Expansion in
other would come to support with the full power Straits would not have any warships in it, stopping -Both central powers had to support Italy in the the Balkans by encouraging Britain, Italy, and
of their empire British naval ships into the Black Sea, which unlikely event it would be attacked by France Austria-Hungary into an agreement which
-If any other power attacked one of them, the strengthened Russia’s position. -Italy would help other powers only if they were provided the region with a status quo of territory in
other would remain neutral. -Austria lets Bulgaria reunify attacked by two other powers the region
-Treaty to last years but could be renewed -Russia lets Austria to future annex Bosnia -If Russian war broke out, Germany wouldn’t have to -He also hoped it would encourage countries to
-the treaty was secret but if Russia did attack, -If a power in the treaty went to war with another put troops in Italy due to Austria’s proximity to stand up to Russia
the Tsar would be warned turkey (other than Turkey) the other two had to Russia, and would use Italian troops as a surprise -Russia had to consult Berlin over Bulgaria
-Germany increased influence on Austrian remain neutral attack.
foreign policy (Bismark) -No more territorial changes in the Ottoman Empire -Austrian alliance with Serbia in 1882 saw Germany
-Stopped Vienna from going to war with Russia- without the consent of the three emperors join and turn into a defensive alliance against Russia
Bismark policy -Treaty to last three years -Bismark strengthened the influence of pro-German
-hoped Russia would renegociate with the two -temporarily reduced tensions in the Russian- ministers in Russia
powers. Austrian rivalry in the Balkans.
Reinsurance Treaty Franco-Russian Alliance Anglo-Japanese Alliance Entente Cordiale
1887 1894 1902 1904
-Russia and Germany were neutral in a war -A secret defensive military agreement between -A defensive alliance to protect Brittish claims in -France and Birtain agreement
against a third empire unless Germany attacked Russia and France China and for Briatin to accept Japan was politically -French would exchange their fishing rights
France, Russia, or Austria-Hungary -Bought France out of European isolationism involved with Korea around Newfoundland for parts of West Africa
-Germany had to agree to historical Balkan -Agreeded to ally eachother whenever there was a -If either one of their interests were threatened, the -Siam (Thialand) would be divided into zones of
claims by Russia (Bulgaria) threat to peace other power would protect them influence with a condominium
-Turkey was not open to the Straits due to the -Made Germany that they would be obscured in -If Japan went to war with Russia, Britian would -France had to agree to British reforms in Egypt
hostile British navy being opposed to Russia- If Europe remain neutral unless another power came to -Britain had to recognise French control in
it was opened, Russia and Germany would see -Caused a shift in European rivalries Russia’s aid Morocco.
it as a hostile attack and would react -Thought Britain would support them due to their -If Britain were involved in a conflict, Japan only to -Improved Anglo-Franco relations but alliance
-Bismark created two contradictory diplomatic vulnerability but didn’t interfere if a third power declared war on Britain didnt say anything about heling eachother in war
systems to keep the peace -Impreial British intentions strengthened (territorial agreeemnt)
-Promised Russia support on Straits and -Russian invasion now less likely to happen and -Made Britain more independent in continental
Bulgaria would be monitored entanglements
-Supported Austrian claims as well.
-Russia to give up all claims in Afganistan and -Britain, France, and Russia could counter and
recognise British interest in Tibet protect eachother if Germany, Italy, or Ausria-
-Persia (Iran) divided up with the norht being under Hungary threatened war
Russian influence, the south being under British -Germany could nto assume an Anglo-Russian
influence, and the centre being neutral war would break out and force one of them to
-Both empires recognised Chinese sovereignty over become a German ally
Anglo-Russian Entente Tibet. Triple Entente -Germany was not isolated and were still
-Eased Russian pressure off of Afganistan and influential in France
1907 Norhtern India 1907 -Britain signed a non-agression pact but the other
-Improved relations in London to keep French two were defensive
allaince -Balanced European power
-Removed a little friction between the members
-Becomes a leading factor to the start of WW1.
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