NUR 270 Exam 1 questions fully
solved & updated(latest
update).
Osmolality - answer Solute concentration in fluid by WEIGHT, per kg
Osmolarity - answer Solute concentration in fluid by VOLUME, per ml
Normal serum osmolality range - answer 275-300, any solution with
an osmolality of 900 or greater must be given through a central line
Isotonic solutions - answer Will cause no osmotic flow, same
concentration as intracellular fluid, 5% dextrose (D5W), 0.9% NS,
lactated ringers
Hypotonic solutions - answer Will cause osmotic flow into cell,
solution contains more water than solutes, 1/2 NS, watch for
cerebral edema and cardiovascular collapse
Hypertonic solutions - answer Will cause osmotic flow out of the
cell, solution contains more solutes than water, D5W 1/2 NS, D5W
1/4 NS, D5W NS, 3% sodium chloride
Colloid sollutions - answer contain large insoluble molecules, used
to increase blood volume, albumin is an example
Blood products - answer Must be given within 15 minutes of arrival
to unit, 1 unit is only good for 4 hours
, AB + blood type - answer Universal receiver
O - blood type - answer Universal donor
Febrile non-hemolytic reaction - answer Most common reaction to
occur during or shortly after blood transfusion, causes fever, chills,
and dyspnea - stop transfusion
Allergic transfusion reaction - answer Will cause hives and itching,
stop transfusion immediately, treat with Benadryl
Acute hemolytic reaction - answer Medical emergency, may result if
pt is given wrong blood type, causes DIC, shock, and renal failure
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) - answer Condition
affecting the blood's ability to clot and stop bleeding
S/S of acute hemolytic reaction - answer Dyspnea, fever, chills,
hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, an red urine, stop transfusion
and start fluids immediately
Transfusion associated circulatory overload (TACO) - answer
Typically occurs when a transfusion is given too quickly, s/s include
JVD, crackles, and hypertension, reaction occurs after blood
transfusion
Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) - answer Inflammatory
reaction to a blood transfusion that causes direct lung injury, s/s
include dyspnea, tachypnea, and hypotension, occurs after
transfusion
Hormones released by the adrenal glands - answer Cortisol,
aldosterone, and epinephrine
solved & updated(latest
update).
Osmolality - answer Solute concentration in fluid by WEIGHT, per kg
Osmolarity - answer Solute concentration in fluid by VOLUME, per ml
Normal serum osmolality range - answer 275-300, any solution with
an osmolality of 900 or greater must be given through a central line
Isotonic solutions - answer Will cause no osmotic flow, same
concentration as intracellular fluid, 5% dextrose (D5W), 0.9% NS,
lactated ringers
Hypotonic solutions - answer Will cause osmotic flow into cell,
solution contains more water than solutes, 1/2 NS, watch for
cerebral edema and cardiovascular collapse
Hypertonic solutions - answer Will cause osmotic flow out of the
cell, solution contains more solutes than water, D5W 1/2 NS, D5W
1/4 NS, D5W NS, 3% sodium chloride
Colloid sollutions - answer contain large insoluble molecules, used
to increase blood volume, albumin is an example
Blood products - answer Must be given within 15 minutes of arrival
to unit, 1 unit is only good for 4 hours
, AB + blood type - answer Universal receiver
O - blood type - answer Universal donor
Febrile non-hemolytic reaction - answer Most common reaction to
occur during or shortly after blood transfusion, causes fever, chills,
and dyspnea - stop transfusion
Allergic transfusion reaction - answer Will cause hives and itching,
stop transfusion immediately, treat with Benadryl
Acute hemolytic reaction - answer Medical emergency, may result if
pt is given wrong blood type, causes DIC, shock, and renal failure
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) - answer Condition
affecting the blood's ability to clot and stop bleeding
S/S of acute hemolytic reaction - answer Dyspnea, fever, chills,
hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, an red urine, stop transfusion
and start fluids immediately
Transfusion associated circulatory overload (TACO) - answer
Typically occurs when a transfusion is given too quickly, s/s include
JVD, crackles, and hypertension, reaction occurs after blood
transfusion
Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) - answer Inflammatory
reaction to a blood transfusion that causes direct lung injury, s/s
include dyspnea, tachypnea, and hypotension, occurs after
transfusion
Hormones released by the adrenal glands - answer Cortisol,
aldosterone, and epinephrine
