Humanities Clep Test
Comprehensive Exam Study Guide
100% Certified by expert.
Greek Philosophers Before Socrates - ansPre-Socrates
Pythagoras - ans6th Century B.C., a Greek philosopher and mathematician, founder of a
religous movement called Pythagoreanism
Thales - ans"Father of Western Philosophy". Greek philosopher who taught that the universe
had originated from water.
Parmenides - ansa pre-socratic Greek philosopher born in Italy. Denied the existence of time,
plurality, and motion. NO Change. Founder of Metaphysics.
Heraclitus - ansa presocratic Greek philosopher who said that fire is the origin of all things
and that permanence is an illusion as all things are in perpetual flux (All is change).
Zeno - ansancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that defended the belief that
motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC)
Socrates - ansGreek philosopher; socratic method--questioning; sentenced to death for
corrupting Athens youth. Believed writing distorted ideas. His ideas were recorded by his
followers (Plato).
Atomism - ansThe idea that matter is made out of atoms
Atomists - ansLeucippus and Democritus
Plato - ansone of Socrates' students; was considered by many to be the GREATEST
philosopher of western civilization. Explained his ideas about government in a work entitled
The Republic. In his ideal state, the people were divided into three different groups.
Aristotle - ansGreek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the Great, and the
author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural sciences, politics, and poetics, he
profoundly influenced Western thought. In his philosophical system, which led him to
criticize what he saw as Plato's metaphysical excesses, theory follows empirical observation
and logic, based on the syllogism, is the essential method of rational inquiry.
pop art - ansan artistic movement that emerged in the early 1960s; pop artists took images
from popular culture and transformed them into works of fine art
mosaics - anspatterns or pictures made by embedding small pieces of stone or glass in cement
on surfaces such as walls and floors
sculpture - ansthree dimensional work of art, statue
bust - ansa sculpture of the head and shoulders of a person
obelisk - anstall, 4 sided pillar of stone that rises to a point
multi-media - ansusing two or more types of media together to create an art object such as
glitter or beads on a painting
louise nevelson - ansassembled architectural sculptures of "found" wooden objects and used
them to construct screens of boxes of varied sizes which she painted in monochromatic
colors.
constantin brancusi - ans(1876) 19th-20th c. Romanian sculptor known for highly simplified
archetypical human and animal forms (The Kiss; Bird in Space)
cellini - ansgoldsmith and sculptor, wrote one of the first autobiographies
barbara hepworth - ansBritish abstract sculptor
michelangelo - ansItalian Renaissance artist that painted the Sistine Chapel ceiling and
sculpted the statue of David.
henry moore - ansabstract sculptor who used rounding techniques and very little detail
,Humanities Clep Test
Comprehensive Exam Study Guide
100% Certified by expert.
alexander calder - ansUnited States sculptor who first created mobiles and stabiles (1898-
1976)
hagia sophia - ansMost famous example of Byzantine architecture, it was built under
Justinian I and is considered one of the most perfect buildings in the world. Constructed of
interlocking domes.
gothic age architecture - ansstained glass, pointed arches and ribbed vaulting
Andrea Palladio - ansarchitect who like a statue at every corner
Le Corbusier - ansFrench 20th century architect
Christopher Wren - ansarchitect refurbished St. Paul's Cathedral
Mies van der Rohe - ansUnited States architect (born in Germany) who built unornamented
steel frame and glass skyscrapers (1886-1969)
Frank Lloyd Wright - ansConsidered America's greatest architect. Pioneered the concept that
a building should blend into and harmonize with its surroundings rather than following
classical designs.
flying buttress - ansa brace or support placed on the outside of a building
fresco - anspaint onto wet plaster on a wall
tempura - ansa technique of painting using pigment mixed with egg yolk
gouche - ansOpaque watercolor
pieta - ansA painting, drawing, or sculpture of Mary, the Mother of Jesus, holding the dead
body of Jesus. The word means "pity" in Italian.
renaissance - ansrebirth
mannerism - ansa style of art in the mid to late 16th century that permitted artists to express
their own "manner" or feelings in contrast to the symmetry and simplicity of the art of the
High Renaissance.
neo-classic period - ansrefers to the classical revival in European art, architecture, and
interior design that lasted from the mid-eighteenth to the early nineteenth century
french female pose - anssubject is lying down away from the artist and looking over her
shoulder
dada school - ansschool of nonsense and anti-art
Giotto - ansFrescoe painter, founded flourentine school, realisitc poses
Donatello - ansItalian sculptor renowned as a pioneer of the Renaissance style with his
natural, lifelike figures, such as the bronze statue David.
Da Vinci - anspainter, sculpter, architect, engineer, musician; invented the court painter of the
king of France; "Mona Lisa," "The Last Supper"(classical), "Vitruvian Man"(anatomy)
El Greco - ansMannerism painter
Rembrandt - ansHe used light and shadows to convey moods and emotions-Painted the
Blinding of Samson
Peter Paul Rubens - ansFlemish Baroque painter who had assistants complete parts of his
work
Vermeer - ansA Dutch painter who used a great deal of light. He enjoyed painting people
doing everyday things.
Jean Fragonard - ansPainted "The Bathers"
,Humanities Clep Test
Comprehensive Exam Study Guide
100% Certified by expert.
Delacroix - ansMost important of the French Romantic painters; profoundly shaped the work
of the Impressionists.
Monet - ansFrench impressionist painter
Renoir - ansFrench impressionist painter; nude female paintings
Degas - ansFrench Painter, Impressionism, did horses and ballet dancers
Seurat - ansFrench Painter, Post impressionism, pointellism (using several small dots of color
to create a larger image)Sunday Afternoon on the island of La Grande Jatte
Aubrey Beardsley - ansFamous for black and white erotic paintings
Gilbert Stuart - ansUnited States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington
Picasso - ansA Spanish painter best known for co-founding the Cubist movement and for the
wide variety of styles embodied in his work. "Guernica"
Remington - ansprotrayed the west by painting cowhands and natives
Salvador Dali - ansSpanish surrealist painter
Joan Miro - ansSpanish surrealist painter
Andrew Wyeth - ansAmerican realist painter, "Christina's World"
Persian Rugs - anshigh quality rugs made by Persian Muslims, valued for their exquisite
designs, vivid colors and skillful make. These rugs were in great demand from China to
Europe, greatly improving the Abbasid's economy.
American Indian Rugs - ansRepititions of geometric lines
Brussels tapestries - ansBeuatiful with ornate borders
Bayeux tapestry - ansA tapestry that recounts the battle of hastings, A piece of linen about 1
Ft.8 in. Wide by 213 ft.long covered with embroidery representing the incidents of Willam
the conqueror's expedition to England.
reliquary - ansa wooden box where religious relics are stored or displayed
Josiah Wedgewood - ansAn English maker of pottery and china, he developed mass
production of quality porcelain. Signature blue or pink with cameo inset.
chalice - ansdecorative drinking cup or goblet
Beethoven & Wagner - ansTook inspiration from Schiller's "Ode to Joy"
Hector Berlioz - ansComposed "Symphonie Fantastique"
Johannes Brahms - ansGerman composer who developed the Romantic style of both lyrical
and classical music
Chopin - ansFrench composer (born in Poland) and pianist of the romantic school. Known as
the "poet of the piano"
Aaron Copeland - ansWrote "Appalachian Spring"
Henry Dixon Cowell - ans20th Century American composer
Claude Debussy - ansFamous French impressionist composer
Stephen Foster - ansMade a valuable contribution to American folk music by capturing the
plaintive spirit of the slaves. "Camptown Races"
Gilbert and Sullivan - ansBritish team writing light-hearted song/story format; Opereta
"Pirates of Penzance" and Mikado
Edvard Greig - ansNorwegian composer. "Peer Gynt"
Lionel Hampton - ansplayed the xylophone and marimba
, Humanities Clep Test
Comprehensive Exam Study Guide
100% Certified by expert.
Handel - ansa prolific German baroque composer remembered best for his oratorio Messiah
(1685-1759)
Scott Joplin - ansknown for ragtime music, piano player. Composed "The Entertainment"
Andre Previn - anscomposer, conductor and pianist
Arnold Schoenberg - ansThe creator of the twelve-tone system of atonal music.
Mozart and Richard Strauss - ansBoth wrote music based on Don Juan
Stravinsky - ansComposed "Rite of Spring"
Tchaikovsky - ansImportant Russian composer whose works are noted for their expressive
melodies "1812 Overture" and "The Nutcracker"
Verdi and Puccini - answrote operas
New Orleans - ansPlace known for the earliest documented Jazz
allegro - ansfast
andante - ansslow
presto - ansfast
minuetto - ansa dance
bel canto - ansbeautiful Italian singing
Libretto - ansthe text of the opera
madrigal - ansa capella singers
oratorio - ansa musical composition for voices and orchestra
sitar - ansa stringed guitar-like instrument from India
ballet - ansA theatrical representation of a story performed to music by ballet dancers.
Originally based on court dance
Martha Graham - ansFamous ballet dancer, known as "the mother of dance"
Serge Diaghilev - ansRussian critic who founded the Ballet Russe
Pavane and the Polonaise - anscourt dances
Alfred Hitchcock - answas an iconic and highly influential British filmmaker and producer,
who pioneered many techniques in the suspense and thriller genres.
Thomas Edison - anscreated the motion picture titled "The Kiss"
D.W. Griffith - anscarried the motion picture into the new era with his silent epics (The Birth
of a Nation, Intolerance, etc.) which introduced serious plots and elaborate productions to
filmmaking.
Federico Fellini - ansItalian director that made films of fantasy and boroque style. "La Dolce
Vita"
Al Jolson - ansMade the first talking movie in 1927..The "Jazz Singer"
Eisenstein - ansRussian film maker who pioneered the use of montage and is considered
among the most influential film makers in the history of motion pictures
Lillian Gish - ansUnited States film actress who appeared in films by D. W. Griffith (1896-
1993)
Penny Marshall - ansFemale Movie Director/Producer who motivated women to do
film...Big, A League of Their Own, Jumping Jack Flash
Issac Asimov - ansscience fiction writer
Jane Austen - ansWrote Pride and Prejudice
Comprehensive Exam Study Guide
100% Certified by expert.
Greek Philosophers Before Socrates - ansPre-Socrates
Pythagoras - ans6th Century B.C., a Greek philosopher and mathematician, founder of a
religous movement called Pythagoreanism
Thales - ans"Father of Western Philosophy". Greek philosopher who taught that the universe
had originated from water.
Parmenides - ansa pre-socratic Greek philosopher born in Italy. Denied the existence of time,
plurality, and motion. NO Change. Founder of Metaphysics.
Heraclitus - ansa presocratic Greek philosopher who said that fire is the origin of all things
and that permanence is an illusion as all things are in perpetual flux (All is change).
Zeno - ansancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that defended the belief that
motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC)
Socrates - ansGreek philosopher; socratic method--questioning; sentenced to death for
corrupting Athens youth. Believed writing distorted ideas. His ideas were recorded by his
followers (Plato).
Atomism - ansThe idea that matter is made out of atoms
Atomists - ansLeucippus and Democritus
Plato - ansone of Socrates' students; was considered by many to be the GREATEST
philosopher of western civilization. Explained his ideas about government in a work entitled
The Republic. In his ideal state, the people were divided into three different groups.
Aristotle - ansGreek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the Great, and the
author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural sciences, politics, and poetics, he
profoundly influenced Western thought. In his philosophical system, which led him to
criticize what he saw as Plato's metaphysical excesses, theory follows empirical observation
and logic, based on the syllogism, is the essential method of rational inquiry.
pop art - ansan artistic movement that emerged in the early 1960s; pop artists took images
from popular culture and transformed them into works of fine art
mosaics - anspatterns or pictures made by embedding small pieces of stone or glass in cement
on surfaces such as walls and floors
sculpture - ansthree dimensional work of art, statue
bust - ansa sculpture of the head and shoulders of a person
obelisk - anstall, 4 sided pillar of stone that rises to a point
multi-media - ansusing two or more types of media together to create an art object such as
glitter or beads on a painting
louise nevelson - ansassembled architectural sculptures of "found" wooden objects and used
them to construct screens of boxes of varied sizes which she painted in monochromatic
colors.
constantin brancusi - ans(1876) 19th-20th c. Romanian sculptor known for highly simplified
archetypical human and animal forms (The Kiss; Bird in Space)
cellini - ansgoldsmith and sculptor, wrote one of the first autobiographies
barbara hepworth - ansBritish abstract sculptor
michelangelo - ansItalian Renaissance artist that painted the Sistine Chapel ceiling and
sculpted the statue of David.
henry moore - ansabstract sculptor who used rounding techniques and very little detail
,Humanities Clep Test
Comprehensive Exam Study Guide
100% Certified by expert.
alexander calder - ansUnited States sculptor who first created mobiles and stabiles (1898-
1976)
hagia sophia - ansMost famous example of Byzantine architecture, it was built under
Justinian I and is considered one of the most perfect buildings in the world. Constructed of
interlocking domes.
gothic age architecture - ansstained glass, pointed arches and ribbed vaulting
Andrea Palladio - ansarchitect who like a statue at every corner
Le Corbusier - ansFrench 20th century architect
Christopher Wren - ansarchitect refurbished St. Paul's Cathedral
Mies van der Rohe - ansUnited States architect (born in Germany) who built unornamented
steel frame and glass skyscrapers (1886-1969)
Frank Lloyd Wright - ansConsidered America's greatest architect. Pioneered the concept that
a building should blend into and harmonize with its surroundings rather than following
classical designs.
flying buttress - ansa brace or support placed on the outside of a building
fresco - anspaint onto wet plaster on a wall
tempura - ansa technique of painting using pigment mixed with egg yolk
gouche - ansOpaque watercolor
pieta - ansA painting, drawing, or sculpture of Mary, the Mother of Jesus, holding the dead
body of Jesus. The word means "pity" in Italian.
renaissance - ansrebirth
mannerism - ansa style of art in the mid to late 16th century that permitted artists to express
their own "manner" or feelings in contrast to the symmetry and simplicity of the art of the
High Renaissance.
neo-classic period - ansrefers to the classical revival in European art, architecture, and
interior design that lasted from the mid-eighteenth to the early nineteenth century
french female pose - anssubject is lying down away from the artist and looking over her
shoulder
dada school - ansschool of nonsense and anti-art
Giotto - ansFrescoe painter, founded flourentine school, realisitc poses
Donatello - ansItalian sculptor renowned as a pioneer of the Renaissance style with his
natural, lifelike figures, such as the bronze statue David.
Da Vinci - anspainter, sculpter, architect, engineer, musician; invented the court painter of the
king of France; "Mona Lisa," "The Last Supper"(classical), "Vitruvian Man"(anatomy)
El Greco - ansMannerism painter
Rembrandt - ansHe used light and shadows to convey moods and emotions-Painted the
Blinding of Samson
Peter Paul Rubens - ansFlemish Baroque painter who had assistants complete parts of his
work
Vermeer - ansA Dutch painter who used a great deal of light. He enjoyed painting people
doing everyday things.
Jean Fragonard - ansPainted "The Bathers"
,Humanities Clep Test
Comprehensive Exam Study Guide
100% Certified by expert.
Delacroix - ansMost important of the French Romantic painters; profoundly shaped the work
of the Impressionists.
Monet - ansFrench impressionist painter
Renoir - ansFrench impressionist painter; nude female paintings
Degas - ansFrench Painter, Impressionism, did horses and ballet dancers
Seurat - ansFrench Painter, Post impressionism, pointellism (using several small dots of color
to create a larger image)Sunday Afternoon on the island of La Grande Jatte
Aubrey Beardsley - ansFamous for black and white erotic paintings
Gilbert Stuart - ansUnited States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington
Picasso - ansA Spanish painter best known for co-founding the Cubist movement and for the
wide variety of styles embodied in his work. "Guernica"
Remington - ansprotrayed the west by painting cowhands and natives
Salvador Dali - ansSpanish surrealist painter
Joan Miro - ansSpanish surrealist painter
Andrew Wyeth - ansAmerican realist painter, "Christina's World"
Persian Rugs - anshigh quality rugs made by Persian Muslims, valued for their exquisite
designs, vivid colors and skillful make. These rugs were in great demand from China to
Europe, greatly improving the Abbasid's economy.
American Indian Rugs - ansRepititions of geometric lines
Brussels tapestries - ansBeuatiful with ornate borders
Bayeux tapestry - ansA tapestry that recounts the battle of hastings, A piece of linen about 1
Ft.8 in. Wide by 213 ft.long covered with embroidery representing the incidents of Willam
the conqueror's expedition to England.
reliquary - ansa wooden box where religious relics are stored or displayed
Josiah Wedgewood - ansAn English maker of pottery and china, he developed mass
production of quality porcelain. Signature blue or pink with cameo inset.
chalice - ansdecorative drinking cup or goblet
Beethoven & Wagner - ansTook inspiration from Schiller's "Ode to Joy"
Hector Berlioz - ansComposed "Symphonie Fantastique"
Johannes Brahms - ansGerman composer who developed the Romantic style of both lyrical
and classical music
Chopin - ansFrench composer (born in Poland) and pianist of the romantic school. Known as
the "poet of the piano"
Aaron Copeland - ansWrote "Appalachian Spring"
Henry Dixon Cowell - ans20th Century American composer
Claude Debussy - ansFamous French impressionist composer
Stephen Foster - ansMade a valuable contribution to American folk music by capturing the
plaintive spirit of the slaves. "Camptown Races"
Gilbert and Sullivan - ansBritish team writing light-hearted song/story format; Opereta
"Pirates of Penzance" and Mikado
Edvard Greig - ansNorwegian composer. "Peer Gynt"
Lionel Hampton - ansplayed the xylophone and marimba
, Humanities Clep Test
Comprehensive Exam Study Guide
100% Certified by expert.
Handel - ansa prolific German baroque composer remembered best for his oratorio Messiah
(1685-1759)
Scott Joplin - ansknown for ragtime music, piano player. Composed "The Entertainment"
Andre Previn - anscomposer, conductor and pianist
Arnold Schoenberg - ansThe creator of the twelve-tone system of atonal music.
Mozart and Richard Strauss - ansBoth wrote music based on Don Juan
Stravinsky - ansComposed "Rite of Spring"
Tchaikovsky - ansImportant Russian composer whose works are noted for their expressive
melodies "1812 Overture" and "The Nutcracker"
Verdi and Puccini - answrote operas
New Orleans - ansPlace known for the earliest documented Jazz
allegro - ansfast
andante - ansslow
presto - ansfast
minuetto - ansa dance
bel canto - ansbeautiful Italian singing
Libretto - ansthe text of the opera
madrigal - ansa capella singers
oratorio - ansa musical composition for voices and orchestra
sitar - ansa stringed guitar-like instrument from India
ballet - ansA theatrical representation of a story performed to music by ballet dancers.
Originally based on court dance
Martha Graham - ansFamous ballet dancer, known as "the mother of dance"
Serge Diaghilev - ansRussian critic who founded the Ballet Russe
Pavane and the Polonaise - anscourt dances
Alfred Hitchcock - answas an iconic and highly influential British filmmaker and producer,
who pioneered many techniques in the suspense and thriller genres.
Thomas Edison - anscreated the motion picture titled "The Kiss"
D.W. Griffith - anscarried the motion picture into the new era with his silent epics (The Birth
of a Nation, Intolerance, etc.) which introduced serious plots and elaborate productions to
filmmaking.
Federico Fellini - ansItalian director that made films of fantasy and boroque style. "La Dolce
Vita"
Al Jolson - ansMade the first talking movie in 1927..The "Jazz Singer"
Eisenstein - ansRussian film maker who pioneered the use of montage and is considered
among the most influential film makers in the history of motion pictures
Lillian Gish - ansUnited States film actress who appeared in films by D. W. Griffith (1896-
1993)
Penny Marshall - ansFemale Movie Director/Producer who motivated women to do
film...Big, A League of Their Own, Jumping Jack Flash
Issac Asimov - ansscience fiction writer
Jane Austen - ansWrote Pride and Prejudice
