PRAXIS/SLP PRAXIS COMBINED VALUE PACK|GRADED A|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

The influence of one phoneme upon another in production and perception wherein two different articulators move simultaneously to produce two different speech sounds Coarticulation _________ are produced when the dorsum of the tongue contracts the velum. Describing consonants this way is acco...

A 6 year old child produces /t/ for /s/, /d/ for /z/, /p/ for /f/, and /b/ for /v/. Intervention for this problem would target language at the level of A. morphology B. syntax C. phonology D. pragmatics E. Semantics C. Phonology A treatment plan for an adult client with an acq...

While working in a private speech/language clinic, you become aware that a speech/language pathologist working in the clinic with you altered test scores on one of the children evaluated at the clinic. This was done so that parents would enroll their child in the clinic's services. According to ASH...

As part of a routine preschool screening, an SLP tests a 4 year old whose speech is characterized by sound omissions, hypernasality, nasal emission, and weak consonants. Which of the following would be most appropriately evaluated initially? A.Oral-motor behavior B.Velopharyngeal function C.Laryn...

Best way to prepare tools for assessment for an initial AAC eval Select standardized assessment measures and vary response mode to see how the child best responds ** there are no current standardized assessment batteries for AAC Message co-constructionist the person with CCN supplies the c...

Educators must provide the children with frequent instruction, adequate re-teaching, and ample modeling that allows them to observe and imitate problematic movements. What should teachers do when children find motor skills challenging to master? Protractor What is the most appropriate tool ...

Phonological awareness refers to a student's ability to identify and manipulate units of oral language. The ability to delete a syllable in a spoken word, such as saying "plane" when "air" is deleted from the word "airplane," is an example of a phonological-awareness skill. oral langu...

Academic Language The language used in textbooks, in classrooms, and on tests Accuracy (part of fluency) Reading words in text with no errors Affix A prefix or suffix Alliteration Repetition of initial consonant sounds Alphabetic Principle An understanding that lette...

Using a plot chart to track the events in a story A teacher reviews the following student scores on a standardized reading test with the goal of determining the areas in which the student will require additional instruction. - 75thseventy fifth percentile in vocabulary knowledge - 85theighty fi...

1. A teacher reviews the following student scores on a standardized reading test with the goal of determining the areas in which the student will require additional instruction. · 75th percentile in vocabulary knowledge · 85th percentile in decoding · 40th percentile in comprehension · 70th ...

Stages of Reading Development Emergent, Early, Transitional and Fluent Emergent Reading 1st stage: understanding concepts of print (picture books, not much text on a page, enjoy others reading to them, teachers should provide opportunities for these students to recognize and form upper and ...

phonological awareness the ability to reflect on and manipulate the sound structure of spoken language Phonics the sounds that letters make and the letters that are used to represent sounds Elements of phonological awareness Rhyme, alliteration, segmenting, blending, syllable manipu...

Social knowledge - correct answer Social conventions passed down within members of a community behavior → greetings, manners, and conversational behavior Procedural knowledge - correct answer Knowledge applied to carry out procedural tasks (ex. Solving complex math problem using a multistep alg...

A kindergarten teacher plans a lesson design to give students guided practice and learning a phonological awareness skills. Having students participate in which of the following activities best meets the teachers goal? Having students say the word "airplane" and then asking them to say it again w...

Elkonin Boxes used for phonemic awareness instruction. "sound boxes". Teacher uses one sound for each box and the students push a marker into one box and blend together the word. blank squares to be filled in. grapheme the written or printed representation of a phoneme morpheme in...

Literacy The ability to understand and demonstrate both reading and writing during school tasks as well as outside of school. Balanced Literacy An approach based on the view of combining both a teacher-centered and student-centered classroom. What are the Components of Balanced Liter...

Accuracy (part of fluency) reading words in text with no errors Academically Engaged when students are participating in activities/instruction in a meaningful way and understanding the tasks in which they are involved Advanced Phonics Strategies for decoding multisyllabic words that...

Four stages of reading development Emergent reading, Early reading , transitional reading and Fluent reading Emergent reading readers develop pre-reading behaviors and begin understanding concepts of print. Early reading Early readers use a combination of reading strategies and cuei...

4 stages of reading development Emergent reading Early reading Transitional reading Fluent reading Emergent reading Readers develop pre-reading behaviors and understand concepts of print Early reading Begin using a combination of reading strategies and cueing systems to decode an...

4 Ways to build Phonemic Awareness? 1. Tell Rhymes 2. ABCs & read alphabet books 3. Alliteration 4. Give the ability to sound and blend their letters (slap, trap) 3 levels of comprehension? 1. Literal 2. Interpretive 3. Applied 5 Steps in the Reading Process: 1. Pre-Reading 2. Readi...

What is inheritance? the process by which characteristics are passed from one generation to another Who was Gregor Mendel? The father of genetics; studied relationships between traits expressed in parents and offspring and hereditary factors causing the expression of these traits. Wh...

Scientific Method 1) Observation 2) Research 3) Hypothesis 4) Test the hypothesis 5) Analysis of Data 6) Conclusion 7) Communication Anton van Leeuwenhoek Created the microscope and observed microorganisms Carolus Linnaeus Created the binomial nomenclature system for classifying spe...

The use of heterogeneous groups in order to increase learning in the classroom is best supported by A. Piaget's Developmental Theory B. Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development C. Bruner's Modes of Representation D. Bloom's Taxonomy B The most significant difference between Bruner's ...

schema an organized pattern of thought, mental file cabinet familiar information that matches new information Lev Vygotsky constructivist theorist, learning is interactive children will learn from one another MKO's Vygotsky's term, more knowledgeable others Zone of Proxim...

Under the provisions of the IDEA, which of the following strategies is an example of a modification a teacher can most appropriately make in a classroom to meet the needs of a student with a LD? A. Adapting content areas by simplifying vocabulary and content load B. Reducing the distractions withi...

Behaviorism Teacher-Based Theory - focuses on observable and measurable aspects of students' behavior. Proposes behavior can be learned or unlearned as the result of stimulus-and-response actions. Views learning as process of stimuli/responses. Example of a Teacher-Based Learning Theory Be...

Knowledge is better understood when... Constructed in collaboration and real-world experiences Cognitive Process The ability to apply new information to other settings and draw conclusions Cognitive Process: Perception The way students use their senses to deliver signals to the brai...

A teacher introduces multiplying two-digit numbers by breaking down each step during whole-class instruction. Three students continue to struggle after four days of instruction and practice. The teacher provides three additional days of small-group instruction to the students, who are then able to b...

what are the five theoretical perspectives to helping understand how people learn behaviorism, social cognitive theory, information processing theory, constructivism, sociocultural theory this theory views learning as a process of accessing and changing associations between stimuli and respo...

Which of the following words would a student working on short vowel sounds most likely decode easily? -Farm -Was -Pig -The Pig A teacher shows the word "chip" along with a picture of a potato chip. Teacher: if we want to sound out the word "chip" we would say /k/ /h/ /i/ /p/. Stude...

phoneme the smallest unit of sound. Example: Hat has 3 phonemes 'h', 'a', 't'. Grapheme A letter or a number of letters that represent a sound (phoneme) in a word. Grapheme is written when a phoneme is said Decoding taking apart the sounds in words and blending sounds to...

Emergent Literacy Idea that children grow into reading and writing; no beginning or end point; reading and writing develop concurrently and interrelated; starts long before entering school; does not depend on mastery of letter-sound skills; term first coined by Marie Clay Concepts About Prin...

Which of the following pairs of words contains identical onsets? A. Scrap/Skirt B. Slip/Slime C. Sand/Stand D. Sting/Sing B. Slip/Slime onset- same beginning sound with same spellling. A student, Sandy, seems to love reading and reads very quickly. When reading individually, she is us...

Base 10 Fractions A fraction where the denominator is 10 Example: .7 is 7/10 Example: .08 is 8/100 How to: Subtract Fractions Find a common denominator then subtract the numerators (keeping the denominator the same). Simplify if possible. How to: Add Fractions Find a common de...

cenozoic era: quaternary period Era and period in which humans live hydrospher Anything on earth that is related to water, whether it is in the air, on land, or in a plant or animal system. biosphere Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, incl...

Ms. Roderick asked her lunch helper in her kindergarten class to get one paper plate for each student in the class. Which of the following counting tasks assesses the same mathematical counting work as this task? Having students line up according to the number of the day of the month in which the...

Answer the question below by clicking on the correct response. Question: Which of the following expresses 3/16 3 16 as a percent? A. 0.1875% B. 1.875% C. 5.33% D. 18.75% Correct Answer: D Option (D) is correct. The question requires an understanding of percent and percentages. To c...

producer an organism that produces its own food ex. plant or algae, likely to contain chlorophyl consumer an organism that cannot produce its own food, it must eat plants or other animals for energy ex reptiles, mammals, insects asexual reproduction one parent produces offspring ...

Triangular Prism Triangular bases. 5 faces, 9 edges, and 6 vertices. Rectangular Prism A solid shape that has: 6 faces (4 rectangles & 2 squares), 8 vertices (corners), and 12 equal edges. Triangular Pyramid A pyramid in which all 4 faces are triangles and has 1 vertex Rectan...

Nucleus Acts like the brain of the cell. Helps control eating, movement and reproduction. Cell Membrane Holds all the cell pieces/fluids inside the cell. Mitosis The process where a single cell divides resulting in generally two identical cells - each containing the SAME number of c...

aquifer A body of rock or sediment that stores groundwater and allows the flow of groundwater. fault A break in the earth's crust reef a submerged ridge of rock or coral near the surface of the water spring A flow of groundwater that emerges naturally at the ground surfac...

alliteration the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words. example of an alliteration Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers allusion an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an ind...

Base Map created from aerial and field surveys; serve as the starting point for topographic and thematic maps. Topographic Map These show the natural and human-made surface features of the earth, including mountain elevations, river courses, roads, names of lakes and towns, and county and s...

Personification involves endowing abstractions, ideas, and inanimate objects with human characteristics and sensibilities an affix an additional element placed at the beginning or end of a root, stem, or word, or in the body of a word, to modify its meaning; affixes include prefixes, suffix...

Phonics involves teaching children to connect sounds with letters/groups of letters. Ex.: (K) can be represented by C, K, or CH spellings. Phonemic Awareness An exclusively oral language activity; refers to the understanding that spoken words are made up of individual sounds called phonemes...

oral language taking books home to read and discuss with parents cloud base filing sharing best helps students distribute stories they have written for per editing purpose full alphabet reading stage gain control of their reading and become more automatic readers with less soundin...

simile as brave as a lion, crazy like a fox alliteration the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words blending In linguistics, a blend[ed] word is one formed from parts of two or more other words. Brunch A prekindergarten ...

Mr. Roberts has a prekindergarten class of students who have just turned four. He wants to make sure his students have ample opportunity for writing practice to prepare for next year, but he also wants to ensure his strategies are developmentally appropriate. Which of the following strategies should...

Oral Language acquisition Pre-linguistic birth-10 months: discriminate speech from other sounds Discover phonemes: /ma/ /ba/ etc. 1 month: start crying or producing sounds to convey information (hungry, hurt etc) Cooing in response to pleasure 6 months: babbling phase 9-10 Months: intonation ...

Which of the following will best foster the development of student's listening skills? Asking students to summarize a short paragraph that thr travher read aloud Third-grade students are creating a story map as they read about the donkey Sylvester, who has turned into a rock. The most impor...

Which of the following is most effective in helping young children develop phonological awareness? Singing songs with simple rhymes A first-grade student, Kyle, has drawn an elaborate picture of a garden in his journal and has written: "I LK RD FLRS." Kyle's sentence suggests that an appr...

Which of the following is the best reason for a teacher to incorporate creative drama and dance activities into daily lessons? • A.To provide opportunities for students to practice empathy and expression • B.To showcase the talent and skills of individual students • C.To allow for energy di...

Diagraph Two letters that spell one sound (sh, ch) Blend Two or more consonants, when combined make a certain sound and two sounds are heard (bl). Dipthong Two vowels, when combined make a certain sound and not necessarily the sound of either vowel present (oy, ow). Onset Th...