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What is an aneuploidy? - ️️Abnormal number of chromosomes. What is polyploidy? - ️️extra sets of chromosomes What is one common aneuploidy? - ️️Down syndrome, trisomy on chromosome 21 What are possible sex chromosome aneuploidys? - ️️XXY, XYY, XXX, XO (turner syndrome) What is a...

Synapsis: a. Occurs only during meiosis b. Connects homologous chromosomes c. Allows chromosomes to exchange DNA d. None of the above e. All of the above - ️️e Human somatic cells: a. Divide by mitosis b. Have a diploid number of chromosomes c. Are non-reproductive cells d. Have 46 chr...

The experiments of Wöhler, Kolbe, Miller, and other chemists invalidated the concept of vitalism by demonstrating that _____. - ️️organic molecules could be produced apart from living organisms using inorganic materials The large diversity of shapes of biological molecules is possible becaus...

what are both TEM and SEM microscopes used for? - ️️discerning cellular anatomy What do plant cells have that animal cells don't? - ️️cellulose, cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole what is in the nucleus? - ️️DNA, nuclear envelope, nuclear membrane, nuclear pores, chromatin/c...

What is an example of an organelle? - ️️lysosome What is atomic number - ️️# of protons What is mass number - ️️# of protons + # of neutrons How do you tell how many electrons an element has - ️️it has the same number of protons -- except for ions Reductionism - ️️Reduction ...

Quantitative data - ️️data: recorded measurements, which are sometimes organized into tables and graphs Inductive reasoning - ️️draws general conclusions through observations of specific/many examples; taking a lot of different data and trying to find a pattern to it (Hypothesis formatio...

Substances diffuse down their _____________ _______________, from __________ to _______ concentration - ️️Concentration gradient, from high to low concentration Diffusion - ️️Any solute going across a membrane Hydrophobic Osmosis - ️️The direction that the water is going across a sel...

aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - ️️During protein synthesis, an enzyme that attaches the correct amino acid to a tRNA molecule to form a "charged" aminoacyl-tRNA. Ribosome Anatomy - ️️APE where are the amino acids bonded together in the ribosome - ️️P slot GTP - ️️A nucleotide c...

The formation of the abscission layer cuts off transport of substances to and from the leaf. As the concentration of sugar trapped within a leaf increases, _____ pigments are produced. - ️️anthocyanin The protective layer that forms between the abscission layer and the stem consists of _____...