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Exam 4 Licata Bio 1201 LSU Questions And Answers With Verified Tests 100% Correct Answers
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aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - ️️During protein synthesis, an enzyme that attaches the correct amino acid to a tRNA molecule to form a "charged" aminoacyl-tRNA. Ribosome Anatomy - ️️APE where are the amino acids bonded together in the ribosome - ️️P slot GTP - ️️A nucleotide compos...

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  • December 5, 2024
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Exam 4 Licata Bio 1201 LSU

aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - ✔️✔️During protein synthesis, an enzyme that attaches
the correct amino acid to a tRNA molecule to form a "charged" aminoacyl-tRNA.

Ribosome Anatomy - ✔️✔️APE

where are the amino acids bonded together in the ribosome - ✔️✔️P slot

GTP - ✔️✔️A nucleotide composed of guanine, ribose, and three linked phosphate
groups. It is incorporated into the growing RNA chain during synthesis of RNA and used
as a source of energy during synthesis of proteins

elongation (translation) - ✔️✔️codon recognition, peptide bond formation, translocation

termination of translation - ✔️✔️- occurs when the codon in A-site is a stop codon
- release factor places a water molecule on the polypeptide chain and thus releases the
protein


RNA polymerase - ✔️✔️Enzyme similar to DNA polymerase that binds to DNA and
separates the DNA strands during transcription

What direction is RNA synthesized - ✔️✔️5' to 3'

TATA box - ✔️✔️A promoter DNA sequence crucial in forming the transcription
initiation complex.

Transcription factors - ✔️✔️Collection of proteins that mediate the binding of RNA
polymerase and the initiation of transcription.

What is added in RNA processing? - ✔️✔️5' cap and poly-A tail

RNA splicing - ✔️✔️Process by which the introns are removed from RNA transcripts
and the remaining exons are joined together.


Transcription - ✔️✔️(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a
gene is copied into mRNA

, Translation - ✔️✔️Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced

codon - ✔️✔️A specific sequence of three adjacent bases on a strand of DNA or RNA
that provides genetic code information for a particular amino acid

promoter - ✔️✔️specific region of a gene where RNA polymerase can bind and begin
transcription

RNA transcript - ✔️✔️RNA molecule produced by transcription that is complementary
to one strand of DNA

spliceosome - ✔️✔️cut out introns and have snRNP inside

pre-mRNA - ✔️✔️a form of messenger RNA that contains both introns and exons

tRNA - ✔️✔️transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome

What are tRNAs held together by? - ✔️✔️Hydrogen bonds

Anticodon - ✔️✔️group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to
an mRNA codon


polyribosome - ✔️✔️string of ribosomes simultaneously translating regions of the same
mRNA strand during protein synthesis

SRP - ✔️✔️signal recognition particle; attaches to signal peptide and brings it
anywhere; mailman

types of point mutations - ✔️✔️silent (no difference), missense(changes one),
nonsense (either stops early or is frameshift)

Where does transcription occur? - ✔️✔️nucleus

repressor protein - ✔️✔️a regulatory protein that binds to an operator and blocks
transcription of the genes of an operon

inducible operon - ✔️✔️An operon under positive control. It is usually "off" but can be
turned "on".

repressible operon (trp operon) - ✔️✔️An operon under negative control. It is usually
"on" but can be turned "off".

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