Sociology 1501 Summary notes. Best For Exam Prep.

Sociology 1501 Community, Society, and Inequality in a Globalised World 1. The Industrial Revolution …refers to the evolutionary process of social change which swept throughout Western Europe in the 19th century is the revolution which occurred in France in the year of 1789. 2. Sociology is primarily the … study of human social life, groups and societies. study of societal issues and social problems. Sociology is the systematic and scientific study of human social life. Sociologists study people as they form groups and interact with one another. The groups they study may be small, such as married couples, or large, such as a subculture of suburban teenagers. Sociology places special emphasis on studying societies, both as individual entities and as elements of a global perspective. 3. The following statements about the sociological study of human behaviour is correct.... Sociology allows us to examine common sense beliefs in a critical manner. 4. We use our sociological imagination when we … ask factual questions. look at new ways of understanding society and its component parts. seek to understand how our individual lives are related to the larger context. 5. According to Anthony Giddens …drinking coffee holds a non-symbolic value 6. Coffee is a product which stands at the heart of which debates in contemporary history? strongly relate to globalization Has a strong social connotation is a social ritual social interaction 7. Microsociology is the study of people’s interaction over time and space. In sociology the ‘economy’ is most commonly regarded as a macro factor. Macrosociology is the study of large-scale social systems and institutions 8. Which of the following is a good example of a theoretical question? How many South Africans died from chronic diseases last year? 9. We learn from the above passage (quotation) that human actions almost as often bring with them certain … forms of political exploitation. forms of racial discrimination. acts of violence 10. the following concerns are of particular interest to sociologists? A person becoming ill because he/she believes that a spell has been cast on him/her. A man's arm having to be amputated because of an accident in the factory in which he works. A rural woman dying in childbirth because she was not able to get to a hospital. 11. What are the similarities between First, Second and Third World Societies? All three types of societies..... are independent nation-states. operate on the basis of a capitalist market system. 12. Hunter-gatherer societies... gain their livelihood from hunting, fishing and gathering plants generally do not emphasise the collection of material possessions to increase their wealth. 13. First World societies  First World societies are influenced by the market economy.  First World societies are characterized by centrally planned economies.  In each First World society production takes place within the factory system.  In First World societies, social encounters are often impersonal. 14. The following historical accounts can be associated with the phenomenon of globalisation....  Sipho, who lives in a black South African township, had gotten most of his ideas about food and wine from watching American movies and soap operas.  David was once arrested for pass offences while he was looking for work in Johannesburg in the 1950s.  The Johannesburg Metro Council wants to reduce property tax in the hope of attracting foreign investors to the city. 15. The following are the ‘reasons’ why globalisation occurred?  Social forces which isolate the African continent from the rest of the world.  The development of large companies that can operate in a number of different countries.  The diminishing capacity of nation-states to regulate economic transactions that occur across their borders. 16. Which of the following are characteristic of the economic phenomena of Transnational Corporations?  Because of their size, and because of the dependence of governments on investments from them, they are sometimes more powerful than these governments. 17. Hyperglobalisers ... believe that globalisation is a “real phenomenon 18. The following predictions were made by Karl Marx?  The working class will revolt against the capitalist system.  The rebellion of the working class would result in the emergence of a classless society.  The capitalist class will continue to exist even after the communist mode of production has been installed.  Under communism, economic exploitation and class inequalities and conflicts will disappear  X  x 19. Marx’s theory of social change  Marx had recognised the existence of two classes - those who own the means of production and those who sell their labour in exchange for lower wages.  Marx defined social classes in terms of their relationship to the means of production.  X  X 20. The following theorists emphasise the fact that a person's position in the stratification hierarchy depends on more than one factor, which do not always coincide?  Karl Marx  Max Weber  Emile Durkheim  Auguste Comte