NUR 160 EXAM 2, HONDROS QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Hypokalemia and Lasix CORRECT ANSWER If pt is Hypokalemic, report to RN before giving Lasix
Hypervolemia Causes CORRECT ANSWER CKD, liver disease, cirrhosis, CHF, increased salt intake, COPD
Hypervolemia Signs and symptoms CORRECT ANSWER Headache, Confusion, Nausea, Vomiting, Coma
Hypovolemia Causes CORRECT ANSWER Vomiting, DM, fever, heat exposure, exercise, no water access, significant injury to skin
Most accurate assessment of water balance CORRECT ANSWER daily weights in similar clothing, same scale, same time- plus or minus 2 lbs. per day, plus or minus 5 lbs. a week
Potassium (K+) CORRECT ANSWER 3.5-5
Hyperkalemia causes CORRECT ANSWER AKD, CKD, severe injuries, supplementation
Hyperkalemia signs and symptoms CORRECT ANSWER muscle fatigue, weakness, arrhythmia, irritability, Nausea, death
Hypokalemia causes CORRECT ANSWER diuretics. Diarrhea, excessive sweating, laxatives, ketoacidosis, alcohol abuse
Hypokalemia signs and symptoms CORRECT ANSWER muscle cramps, abdominal distention, constipation, arrhythmia
Renal Pt Diet CORRECT ANSWER low potassium-no potatoes, oranges, bananas, leafy green veggies, apples, avocados
Sodium (Na+) CORRECT ANSWER 135-145
Hypernatremia Causes CORRECT ANSWER too much salt, rapid infusion of saline, antacids, increased dairy consumption
Hypernatremia signs and symptoms CORRECT ANSWER decreased urinary output, firm rubbery tissue turgor, restlessness, agitation, confusion, flushed skin Hyponatremia Causes CORRECT ANSWER Diarrhea, gastric suctioning, sweating, Vomiting, low sodium intake, burns, edema/ascites, small bowel obstruction
Hyponatremia signs and symptoms CORRECT ANSWER muscle weakness, fatigue, Headache, restlessness, irritability, hypotension, Nausea, vomiting
Magnesium (MG+) CORRECT ANSWER 1.5-2.5
Hypomagnesemia Causes CORRECT ANSWER Tums, CKD, diabetic ketoacidosis
Hypomagnesemia signs and symptoms CORRECT ANSWER weakness, hypotension, Vomiting, Nausea, coma, death
Hypomagnesemia Causes CORRECT ANSWER alcoholism, decreased intake of vitamin D, poor absorption
Hypomagnesemia Signs and symptoms CORRECT ANSWER seizures, Increased DTR, arrhthmias, agitation, Nausea, vomiting
Alcoholics-precautions CORRECT ANSWER All alcoholics go in seizure precautions
Calcium (Ca+) CORRECT ANSWER 8-10
Hypercalcemia causes CORRECT ANSWER supplements, calcium, immobilization, antacid, parathyroidism
Hypercalcemia signs and symptoms CORRECT ANSWER anorexia, N, V, decreased DTR, confusion, coma, constipation, kidney stones
Hypocalcemia Causes CORRECT ANSWER decreased calcium and Vit D, Diarrhea, diuretics, alcoholism, malabsorption, burns
Hypocalcemia signs and symptoms CORRECT ANSWER irritability, osteoporosis, N, V,
D, increase dDTR, arrhythmias, +Trousseau sign, +Chvostek sign
Trousseau sign CORRECT ANSWER BP
Chvostek sign CORRECT ANSWER cheek
Heparin CORRECT ANSWER PTT
Coumadin CORRECT ANSWER PT/INR
PH (acidosis, alkalosis) CORRECT ANSWER 7.35-7.45
PO2 CORRECT ANSWER 80-100
