NUR 2474 Pharm Quiz Module 8 100% Correct

Tolerance - ANSWER increased doses of the medication are required to obtain the same therapeutic response Physical Dependence - ANSWER the body gets used to the drug and you cannot stop it abruptly or else withdrawal will happen. Have to wean person off drug Addiction - ANSWER the patient takes the medication not as prescribed, often for pleasure Most patients... - ANSWER take opioid medications as prescribed without any issues PCA pump - ANSWER Patient controlled analgesic administered intravenously with a machine and a button. How do PCAs Pumps work? - ANSWER The patient presses a button and they will get medication. They can only press the button a certain amount of times per hour. PCA pump order example - ANSWER Patient can get 1 mg every 8 minutes, but no more than 5 doses per hour -There are certain lock out features on the pump that will not allow patient medication if they take too many doses. PCA pump education - ANSWER The patient may only press PCA button, not family or visitors, even if they think patient in pain. Medication often given via PCA pump: - ANSWER Morphine Opioid Antidote - ANSWER Naloxone Adverse effects from opioid use: - ANSWER respiratory depression constipation urinary retention orthostatic hypotension biliary colic- muscle spasm emesis miosis cough suppression increased ICP itchiness 1st generation antihistamine - ANSWER diphenhydramine diphenhydramine will... - ANSWER make patient sleepy when they take it 2nd generation antihistamines are: - ANSWER non-drowsy What do we need to educate patient when they take diphenhydramine? - ANSWER take in evening before bedtime since it can make patient sleepy. they should take 2nd generation antihistamine in the morning if they need it. if they accidentally take it in the morning, they must be advised it will make them sleepy! No driving! What should patient do if they have daytime sleepiness often - ANSWER report it to the HCP as there are many medications out there to help with that. Helps to determine cause also! 2nd generation antihistamines (non-drowsy) names? - ANSWER Cetirizine Fenofexadine Loratadine Antidote for acetaminophen - ANSWER acetylcysteine Adverse effects for acetaminophen - ANSWER Very few at normal disease Steven Johnsons Syndrome: full body rash from the medication use. Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis: pustules erupt due to drug usage Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: skin peeling and blistering due to medication use Hepatotoxicity what should we never take when we use acetaminophen? - ANSWER alcohol Early s/s of acetaminophen toxicity - ANSWER N, V, D, sweating, ABD pain Late s.s of acetaminophen toxicity - ANSWER hepatic failure, coma, death What will happen when we give acetylcysteine for acetaminophen toxicity - ANSWER all the toxicity s/s will reverse What might happen if the patient taking a steroid stops taking it cold turkey? - ANSWER they cannot produce own since adrenal insufficiency occur so they may die from the response! Must wean and taper!