ATI Pharmacology Exam Review with complete solutions| Latest 2023/2024

ATI Pharmacology Exam Review with complete solutions| Latest 2023/2024 Cephalosporin ---broad spectrum -ceph/cefs -Similar to PCN/ don't give if PCN allergy -can cause bleeding w/ other bleeding meds monitor bleeding time (tonsil story) - Disulfiram reaction (puke & puke & puke) just like Flagyl, the protozoal drug - Store in fridge & take with food ALL antibiotics have these side effects --- allergy, hypersensitivity - suprainfection - organ (kidney & ear) toxicity - lowers OC effectiveness Vancomyocin --- serious infections like MRSA - colitis by c-diff - ototoxicity: get hearing test, tell dr. if hearing getting worse -given over 60 minutes Tetracyclines --- Sumycin, Doxycycline (Vibramycin) - broad, rocky mtn fever, lyme disease, acne, GI infections by H. Pylori - bad GI discomfort - Don't give to kids ≤8; teeth permanently yellow - Bad photosensitivity- wear sunscreen! - Can't take with milk, iron, or antacids - Take on empty stomach with a full glass of water When is Arythromycin given? What class of drugs is it? worse adverse effect? --When pt allergic to PCN and needs abx. Bacteriostatic inhibitor bad GI issues Aminoglycosides --ototoxicity, Renal toxicity, Can't take with PCN at all! - gentamicin, neomycin, streptomycin TMP-SMZ ---Contains Sulfa - use for UTI - Blood problems; get CBC baseline -photosensitivity wear sunscreen and glasses! - empty stomach with a full glass of water Isoniazid (INH) ---antiTB - take daily for 6-12 months and most likely with other meds too -worked if 3 neg. sputum cultures, no temp. - Liver toxicity (hepato) check liver fxn - Don't take with alcohol (liver fxn remember?) - Take on empty stomach Antiviral: Acyclovir, Ganciclovir --Teratogenic preg. X; put on rubber gloves if topical! remember my purple glove experience -thrombocytopenia, lowers WBC What class of drugs if Flagyl? What is the weird effect it has? --protozoal. works on C. diff & H. Pylori PUD. Antibuse effect if taken with alcohol Amphotericin B --anti-fungal. HIGHLY TOXIC - infusin rxns (fever and chills) - nephrotoxicity - hypokalemia - hepatoxicity - gynecomasita - C/I with aminoglycosides (just like PCN) -azole --Fungal ______ causes malignant hyperthermia. Use ____ to stop it --succinylcholine, Dantrium/Dantrolene. Morphine adverse effects ---Constipation -Resp depression -urinary retention -Sedation - Orthostatic HOTN - Cough suppression Morphine drug-drug interactions (think of what morphine does to the body) --- MAOIs -anticholinergics -CNS depressants -hypotensive drugs -opiod antagonists (narcan) - antihistamines Morphine patient education re how to take --Take with food for N/V, lie still will help Opiod withdrawl (stop abruptly is taking ≥6weeks). Is it life-threatening? Will it subside? --sweating, restless, agitated, dilated pupils, tremors, tachycardia, increased BP, N/V, cramps, muscle spasms with kicking movements. NO, subside in 7-10 days.