Prosthetic CPM Exam Review Questions with Answers Latest 2023 (Already Graded A+)

Prosthetic CPM Exam Review Questions with Answers Latest 2023 (Already Graded A+) Dynamic Response feet - Answer Pros: use with increased activity level, energy storing, reduces impact to joints and the residual limb, decreased walking effort/increased push off Cons: increased cost/weight K1-K2 knees - control - Answer Fiction/mechanical - single speed ambulators May have manual lock feature Weight activated stance control K3-4 knees - control - Answer Fluid (cadence responsiveness) hydraulic or pneumatic -Pros: variable cadence, swing and stance control, more natural gait -Cons: increased weight/maintenance/cost Microprocessor (fluid controlled by "computer chip") Microprocessor knees - Answer Pros: improve environmental obstacle negotiation, increased walking speed on uneven terrain, reduced falls, increased confidence Cons: heavy Manual lock knee feature - Answer Maximum stance phase stability - K1-K2 prosthesis made slightly shorter use with a single-axis foot is desirable Pros: doesn't require strength, can be used with blind or bilateral patients, extremely stable bc eliminates knee flexion Cons: forces gait deviation Prosthetic CPM Solved With Correct Answers. Single axis knee feature - Answer Fixed rotation point; stability via alignemnt or muscular control; constant friction - K1-K2 Pros: longer residual limb with good muscle control, children, inexpensive, durable Cons: must have strong hip extensors and good balance, decreased stability Weight activated stance control knee feature - Answer "safety knee" good for new amputees Pros: knee is locked when weight is through it - good stability in stance phase, good if weak hip extensors, poor balance, and short TF Cons: not for active or stable patients, delayed swing phase, must unload fully to sit Polycentric - Answer K1-K4; 4-bar linkage, moving center of rotation centrode proximal and posterior to weight line Pros: shorten in swing phase, cosmetic in sitting, stability inherent in alignment, stable during stance Cons: Low stability at toe-off, contraindicated for bilateral, increased weight/maintenance/cost Single axis outside hinges - Answer PFFD, KD Free swinging Pros: avoid knee length discrepancy, durable Cons: no inherent friction control, no inherent stability, ugly Building a recommendation: - Answer Socket design Ultralight Acrylic Suspension type Interface (liners, socks, etc) Alignable components Knee Foot Hemipelvectomy Socket Principles - Answer Weightbearing: IT/soft tissue Suspension: Iliac crests Knee disarticulation socket principles - Answer Subischial or 3/4 sockets are appropriate Can use anatomical suspension over the condyles TF Ischial Containment Socket Principles - Answer Femur held in adduction Very intimate fit Triangular shape ML compression Indicated for: shorter limbs, requires less voluntary control Potential for ischial weightbearing, high proximal trimline Gluteal and hydrostatic weightbearing Triangular shape Prosthetic CPM Solved With Correct Answers. TF MAS (ramal containment) Socket Principles - Answer Hydrostaic weightbearing Lower trimlines Ramal buttress for ML control TF Subischial Socket Principles - Answer Much lower trimlines - KD Use with anatomical suspension or vacuum Long limbs, requires good control and normal ROM of hip TF Quad Socket Principles - Answer 4 well-defined walls Rectangular shape Ischial/gluteal weightbearing AP control - Lack of ML support Contours for flexors/extensors Indicated for longer limbs, good voluntary control, previous user Subischial triangle - Answer Inferior ramus, gracilis, semitendinosis Scarpa's triangle - Answer Inguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus Ischial containment trimlines - Answer Anterior 50mm (2") proximal to IT Posterior 25mm (1") proximal to IT Medial at ischial level in line of progression Lateral 90 mm (3") proximal to IT Quad trimlines - Answer Anterior: 2.5" proximal to IT Medial: at ischial level Lateral: 2.5" proximal to IT Posterior: at ischial level KD Suspension - Answer Anatomical with foam liner - Pros: rotational control, increased suspension in swing phase; Cons: suspension localized to one area, not able to use with fluctuating edema Cushion liner Window/door Boa Lacer Seal-in suction Liner + Pin (TF) - Answer Pros: Seated donning, positive lock Cons: difficult due to pin angle, soft tissue movement, pistoning/milking of tissue Liner + Lanyard (TF) - Answer Pros: Seated donning, Great for low mobility/balance, positive lock Cons: pistoning/milking of tissue, single point connection, must have good hand strength Skin fit suction (TF) - Answer Pull sock + expulsion valve Pros: Improved proprioception, Perceived as lighter, Eliminates pistoning Prosthetic CPM Solved With Correct Answers. Cons: Can be hard on skin, can't have volume fluctuation, must stand to don, need precise fit Seal-in liner (TF) - Answer Pros: Improved proprioception, perceived as lighter, eliminates pistoning, shear forces moderated by liner Cons: must have good hygiene, must have good hand strength, must stand to don, need precise fit Elevated vacuum (TF) - Answer mechanical or electronic Pros: Improved proprioception, Can be used with subischial trimlines Cons: requires cognitive ability, pump adds weight Hip joint + Pelvic band (TF) - Answer Sock interface Pros: Maximal ML control, Good if weak abductors or short residual limb, some rotational control Cons: heavy, bulky, pistoning, hard to don, uncomfortable when sitting Pelvic band b/w iliac crests and trochanters Joint 12mm anterior and 25mm proximal to GT Silesian belt/TES belt - Answer Pros:Auxiliary, controls rotation, allows for volume changes Cons: not good for independent suspension, allows pistoning Attached 6mm posterior and 6mm proximal to GT Pulls into adduction TT PTB Socket Design - Answer Indicated for short or bony limbs Rotational control Depressions: MPT bar, medial flare, medial shaft, pretibial area, politeal area, lateral fibula shaft, interosseus space Buildups: tibial crest, lateral flare, fib head, distal fibula, distal anterior tibia Pros: prevents rotation, strategic loading Cons: Scar tissue in loading areas, can be too much for MPT for some patients TT PTB SCSP Socket Design - Answer Same as PTB with quad bar Provides knee stability Requires PML < ML by at least 12 mm TT TSB Socket Design - Answer Fleshy limbs Lack of rotational control 3-5% global reduction tapering to zero at distal ***Must be used with liner with high flow (TPE) Pros: distributes weightbearing Cons: lack of rotational control, does not relieve for extremely bony patients or neuromas TT Hydrostaic - Answer Fluid density loading and tissue elongation Casted under pressure Prosthetic CPM Solved With Correct Answers. Joint + corset (TT) - Answer Pros: provides max knee stability, very secure, can help with recurvatum. thigh weightbearing & unloading of limb, heavy duty, don sitting Cons: heavy, bulky, ugly, pistoning TT Interfaces - Answer Socks: also for volume management Foam/pelite liner: custom, easily adjustable, durable Gel liners: cushion/flow, hot, prevents shear Flexible inner socket: reduce edge pressure, reliefs in outer Waist belt (TT) - Answer Pros: secure, historic, knee extension assist Cons: bulky, ugly, pistoning Supracondylar (TT) - Answer pelite liner with wedge, can have removable brim (MLPML >=12) Pros: knee stability (ML), simple, short limbs, good for pts with upper limb involvement, low maintenance, don't need good hygiene, good for less active, easy donning Cons: higher trimlines, bulkier (thicker), restrict knee ROM SC-SP (TT) - Answer Supracondylar with suprapatellar bar (quad bar), easy donning Pros: knee stability (AP and ML), simple, short limbs, good for pts with upper limb involvement, low maintenance, don't need good hygiene, good for less active, easy donning Cons: higher trimlines, bulkier, less cosmetic, restrict knee ROM Supracondylar cuff/strap (TT) - Answer Pros: Simple, suprapatellar suspension, low maintenance, don't need large PML-ML difference, adjustable Cons: Higher trimlines, ugly, bulky, pistoning, may impair circulation Sleeve (TT) - Answer Pros: minimizes pistoning, can be cosmetic by masking trimlines, can be used as auxiliary suspension, can be used for lots of patients Cons: hot, doesn't last very long, can reduce ROM, large thighs may cause it to roll down