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NUR 104 2023 Exam Questions with complete Solutions

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NUR 104 2023 Exam Questions with complete Solutions In preparing a staff inservice presentation about diabetes mellitus, the nurse includes which information? a. Diabetes increases the risk for development of epilepsy. b. The cure for diabetes is the administration of insulin. c. Diabete...

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  • June 16, 2023
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  • 2022/2023
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NUR 104 2023 Exam Questions with complete Solutions In preparing a staff inservice presentation about diabetes mellitus, the nurse includes which information? a. Diabetes increases the risk for development of epilepsy. b. The cure for diabetes is the administration of insulin. c. Diabetes increases the risk for development of cardiovascular disease. d. Carbohydrate metabolism is altered in diabetes, but protein metabolism is normal. - ANSWER C A client with diabetes asks the nurse why it is necessary to maintain blood gluco se levels no lower than about 60 mg/dL. Which is the nurse's best response? a. "Glucose is the only fuel used by the body to produce the energy that it needs." b. "Your brain needs a constant supply of glucose because it cannot store it." c. "Without a minimum level of glucose, your body does not make red blood cells." d. "Glucose in the blood prevents the formation of lactic acid and prevents acidosis." - ANSWER B The nurse is monitoring a client with hypoglycemia. Glucagon provides which function? a. It enhances the activity of insulin, restoring blood glucose levels to normal more quickly after a highcalorie meal. b. It is a storage form of glucose and can be broken down for energy when blood glucose levels are low. c. It con verts excess glucose into glycogen, lowering blood glucose levels in times of d. It prevents hypoglycemia by promoting release of glucose from liver storage sites. - ANSWER D A client with untreated diabetes mellitus has polyuria, is lethargic, and has a blood glucose of 560 mg/dL. The nurse correlates the polyuria with which finding? a. Serum sodium, 163 mEq/L b. Serum creatinine, 1.6 mg/dL c. Presence of urine ketone bodies d. Serum osmolarity, 375 mOsm/kg - ANSWER D A client with diabetes has a serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dL. The nurse correlates which urinalysis finding with this client? a. Ketone bodies in the urine during acidosis b. Glucose in the urine during hyperglycemia c. Protein in the urine during a rand om urinalysis d. White blood cells in the urine during a random urinalysis - ANSWER C A young adult client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus has been taught about selfcare. Which statement by the client indicates a good understanding of needed eye examinations? a. "At my age, I should continue seeing the ophthalmologist as I usually do." b. "I will see the eye doctor whenever I have a vision problem and yearly after age 40." c. "My vision will change quickly now. I should see the oph thalmologist twice a d. "Diabetes can cause blindness, so I should see the ophthalmologist yearly." - ANSWER D During assessment of a client with a 15year history of diabetes, the nurse notes that the client has decreased tactile sensation in both feet. Which action does the nurse take first? a. Document the finding in the client's chart. b. Test sensory perception in the client's hands. c. Examine the client's feet for signs of injury. d. Notify the health care provider. - ANSWER C A client's father has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client asks if she is in danger of developing the disease as well. Which is the nurse's best response? a. "Your risk of diabetes is higher than that of th e general population, but it may not occur." b. "No genetic risk is associated with the development of type 1 diabetes." c. "The risk for becoming diabetic is 50% because of how it is inherited." d. "Female children do not inherit diabetes, but male childr en will." - ANSWER A A client has newly diagnosed diabetes. To delay the onset of microvascular and macrovascular complications in this client, the nurse stresses that the client take which action? a. Control hyperglycemia. b. Prevent hypoglycemia. c. Restrict fluid intake. d. Prevent ketosis. - ANSWER A Which client is at greatest risk for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus? a. Young, muscular white man b. Young African -American man c. Middle -aged Asian woman d. Middle -aged American Indian woman - ANSWER D The nurse is teaching a client about self -monitoring of blood glucose levels. To prevent bloodborne infection, which statement by the nurse is best? a. "Wash your hands after completing the test." b. "Do not share your monitoring equipment." c. "Blot excess blood from the strip." d. "Use gloves during monitoring." - ANSWER B A client with diabetes has frequent blood glucose readings higher than 3 00 mg/dL. Which action does the nurse teach the client about self -care? a. Check urine ketones when blood glucose readings are high. b. Increase the insulin dose after two high glucose readings in a row. c. Change the diet to include a 10% increase in prot ein. d. Work out on the treadmill whenever glucose readings are high. - ANSWER A A client who has type 2 diabetes is prescribed glipizide (Glucotrol). Which precautions does the nurse include in the teaching plan related to this medication? a. "Chang e positions slowly when you get up." b. "Avoid taking nonsteroidal anti -inflammatory drugs." c. "If you miss a dose of this drug, you can double the next dose." d. "Discontinue the medication if you develop an infection." - ANSWER B The client with t ype 2 diabetes has recently been changed from the oral antidiabetic agents glyburide (Micronase) and metformin (Glucophage) to glyburide -metformin (Glucovance). The nurse includes which information in the teaching about this medication? a. "Glucovance is m ore effective than glyburide and metformin." b. "Glucovance contains a combination of glyburide and metformin." c. "Glucovance is a new oral insulin and replaces all other oral antidiabetic agents." d. "Your diabetes is improving and you now need only one drug." - ANSWER B Which statement made by a client with type 2 diabetes taking nateglinide (Starlix) indicates understanding of this therapy? a. "I'll take this medicine with my meals." b. "I'll take this medicine right before I eat." c. "I'll take t his medicine just before I go to bed." d. "I'll take this medicine when I wake up in the morning." - ANSWER B A client who has been taking pioglitazone (Actos) for 6 months reports to the nurse that his urine has become darker since starting the medication. Which is the nurse's first action? a. Review results of liver enzyme studies. b. Document the report in the client's chart. c. Instruct the client to increase water intake. d. Test a sample of urine for occult blood. - ANSWER A A client with diabetes asks why more than one injection of insulin is required each day. Which is the nurse's best response? a. "Y ou need to start with multiple injections until you become more proficient at self -
injection." b. "A single dose of insulin each day would not match your blood insulin levels and your food intake patterns closely enough."

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