Complex Care Final Exam Practice Questions with correct answers

The nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia unresponsive to two different antibiotics. Which action is most important for the nurse to complete before administering a newly prescribed antibiotic? a. Teach the patient to cough and deep breathe. b. Take the temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate. c. Obtain a sputum specimen for culture and Gram stain. d. Check the patient's oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry. Answer c. Obtain a sputum specimen for culture and Gram stain. A sputum specimen for culture and Gram stain to identify the organism should be obtained before beginning antibiotic therapy. However, antibiotic administration should not be delayed if a specimen cannot be readily obtained because delays in antibiotic therapy can increase morbidity and mortality risks. The nurse is teaching the patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the diagnosis of Candida albicans. What statement made by the patient indicates to the nurse that further teaching is required? a. "I will be given amphotericin B to treat the fungus." b. "I got this fungus because I am immunocompromised." c. "I need to be isolated from my family and friends so they won't get it." d. "The effectiveness of my therapy can be monitored with fungal serology titers." Answer c. "I need to be isolated from my family and friends so they won't get it." The patient with an opportunistic fungal infection does not need to be isolated because it is not transmitted from person to person. This immunocompromised patient will be likely to have a serious infection so