WGU Microbiology C453 Objective Assessment Study Guide Rated 100% Correct!!

ALkylating Agents - Mode of action: disrupt structure of proteins & nucleic acid. Used to disinfect/sterilize inanimate objects that would be harmed by high temperatures Example: Formaldehyde Alcohols - Mode of action: denature proteins when mixed with water, dissolves membranes Uses: disinfects skin and aerosols Basidomycota - Have hyphae aggregated to form mycelia & have club shaped sexual structures called basida Reproduce sexually Examples: mushrooms, cryptococcus, toadstools, ruts, smuts Ascomycota - Produces sac-like structure that releases spores during sexual reproduction. Have a central pore. Examples: sac-fungi, yeast Hemlinths - worm-like organisms, living in/feeding on hosts, receiving nourishment and protection while disrupting host's absorption causing weakness and disease Examples: flukes, tapeworms, roundworms Basic characteristics of a virus - tiny, non-living, requires host, invades and replicates inside living cell containing DNA or RNA How do enveloped viruses gain their envelope? - acquired after they are assembled in a host cell as they bud, or move through, one of several membranes Positive sense single-stranded RNA viruses - RNA genomes ready for immediate translation during infections by host's ribosomesexamples: piconavindae, togaviridae, flavivirdae, retroviridae Negative sense single stranded RNA viruses - other RNA genomes that have to be converted into proper form to be made into proteins Examples: paramyxovirdae, rhabdoviridae, orthomxyoviridae, filoviridae, buonyaviridae Double stranded RNA viruses - during infection dsRNA is transcribed to mRNA, produces protein necessary to ensure replication and encapsidation Example: reoviridae Double stranded DNA viruses - example: adenoviridae, herpesviridae, poxviridae, papoviridae, hepdaviviridae