WGU c464 Introduction to Communication with complete solutions

Communication the exchange of verbal and nonverbal messages with the intent of stimulating particular meanings in the minds of others. Understanding to stimulate the meanings we intend in the minds of others Technostress a state of communication overload, where we are unable to process and competently respond t all of the messages we are exposed to. intercultural communication communication between and among people and groups across national, ethnic, and other cultural boundaries. linear model of communication Reveals the basic components of a simple exchange between two people, illustrating a straightforward process in which an individual communicator transmits a message to a receiving communicator. Phase 1 of Linear Model of Communication: Deciding on the message A Sender selects a message to send to a receiver (or receivers) in order to achieve a desired outcome. The sender is also referred to as the source of the message Phase 2 of Linear Model of Communication: Encoding the message Encoding refers to a psychological process in which the sender of a message assigns symbols, such as words, sounds, or gestures, to his or her thoughts and feelings. Competent communicators are able to translate their ideas into communication symbols appropriate for the message and the receiver. Phase 3 of Linear Model of Communication: Transmitting the message A message is "sent" from sender to receiver, using a particular channel that is selected by the sender. The channel is the medium that carries the message such h as email, telephone, face-to-face communication, or a written document. Phase 4 of Linear Model of Communication: Perceiving the message When a receiver detects that a message has been sent, he or she attends to it and perceives it in some fashion. Phase 5 of Linear Model of Communication: Decoding and assigning meaning to the message When a receiver assigns meaning to the message that has been communicated, he or she is engaging in a psychological process known as decoding. Decoding is the opposite of encoding (the activity that the sender engaged in at the beginning of the exchange). The receiver translates the symbols (words, sounds, and gestures) perceived not thoughts and feelings. Noise In context of communication refers to any auditory, visual, or psychological distraction that interferes with the sending and receiving of messages.. Feedback verbal or nonverbal response to a message that a receiver provides to a sender as he or she perceives and assigns meaning to the sender's messages. Transactional Model The addition of feedback, along with consideration of the factors that make accurate decoding of messages difficult, transforms the linear model into this Context the environment and situation in which communication occurs. Roles clearly defined and specialized functions that each member of the team possesses. rules formal expectations that guide team members' interactions with one another as well as their task performance. Communication Competence one's ability to "choose among available communicative behaviors to accomplish one's goals during an encounter" Selective Exposure states that we will attend to information that reinforces existing beliefs and disregard information that is at odds with our current position. selective attnetion once we are engaged in a particular interaction, we focus on certain information and ignore other information. selective perception applying our own unique experiences to the message in an element of selection. Our inclination to see, hear, and believe what we want to see, hear, and believe. selective recall We remember things that we agree with rather than things that are contrary to our beliefs Orgnization a communicator's efforts to group information into meaningful inits to make further sense out of the information. figure-ground organization figure- the foreground or point of emphasis for your attention ground- the background of the particular stimuli that capture your focused attention. closure organization Fill in missing information to complete a perception. proximity organization Physical closeness, in relation to other information similarity organization the degree to which something shares attributes with other stimuli. Interpretation the process in which we assign meaning to stimuli Biological Factors Howe well you see or hear, your height, and even how well you smell can affect how you perceive the stimuli around you. Past Experiences: Family, Education, Relationships Past experiences, relationships, and the roles that you were assigned and played within those experiences have a tremendous impact on your perceptions of others. Identity the ways in which you express your cultural and group affiliations have a strong impact on how you perceive the world. Current Internal States How people are feeling affect how they perceive stimuli. self-concept the way you define yourself. In developing a self-concept, we look to the groups we are part of, the roles, we play, the relationships and experiences we have (and have had), and our interpretation of how others evaluate us.