CMN 572 Unit 3 DM Questions With Complete Solutions

Diuresis in type 1 DM correct answer: Increased urination and thirst are consequences of osmotic diuresis d/t hyperglycemia. This results in loss of glucose, free water, and electrolytes Weight loss in DM type 1 correct answer: Initially d/t depletion of water, glycogen, and triglycerides; decreased muscle mass as amino acids are diverted to form glucose and ketone bodies Initial c/o women correct answer: Generalized pruritus and vaginitis What waist circumference is associated w/ risk for DM? correct answer: 40 (in) men 35 (in) women ____ is assoc w/ significant insulin resistance correct answer: Acanthosis nigricans; usually located in axilla, back of neck, and groin Fasting plasma glucose correct answer: Normal glucose: 100 Impaired: 100-125 DM: = 126 2 hrs after glucose load correct answer: Normal glucose: 140 Impaired: =140-199 DM: =200 HbA1c correct answer: Normal: 5.7 Impaired: 5.7-6.4 DM: =6.5 Advantages of using HbA1c as diagnostic tool for DM correct answer: -no need to fast -lower individual variability than OGTT and fasting test -provides an estimate of glucose control for the past 2-3 mo Why is a HbA1c of 6.5% the cutoff value for DM dx? correct answer: The risk of retinopathy increases substantially above this value Dx of DM correct answer: -A1c = 6.5% -FPG =126 -2-hr OGTT =200 -Classic symptoms of hyperglycemia/crisis w/ random PG