Barron's CCRN: Hemodynamics questions with correct answers

Cardiac output CORRECT ANSWER *Heart rate x Stroke volume* Stroke volume is dependent on the *preload, afterload, and contractility* of the ventricles of the heart -*Preload*: CVP (right ventricle), PAOP (left ventricle) -*Contractility* -*Afterload*: PVR (right ventricle), SVR (left ventricle) Normal cardiac output CORRECT ANSWER 4-8 L/min -If critically low, BP will decrease Cardiac index CORRECT ANSWER amount of blood pumped out of heart per minute per sq meter of body mass. Takes into account the *body surface area (BSA)* and is *a more meaningful value than CO* Normal cardiac index CORRECT ANSWER 2.5-4.0 L/min/m2 Maximal heart rate attainable for most people CORRECT ANSWER 130-170 bpm -As heart rate increases, CO increases *up to a point* -Point is determined by age and condition of the ventricles First sign of compensation for a low CO CORRECT ANSWER Increase in HR -Occurs before BP drops