CSFA Exam study guide Exam Questions
and Answers
Hesselbacks Triangle - -landmarks;medial rectus abdominas, lateral inferior
epigastric vessels,and Inferior inguinal ligaments-Direct hernias occur here
-Transverse Fascia - -defects in the transverse fascia can cause direct &
indirect hernias
-hernia - -rupture
-Pantaloon Hernia - -when a direct & indirect hernia are present
-Umbilical Hernia - -due to developmental deficiencies congenital umbilical
hernia or weakness in linea alba in area of umbilicus
-Inguinal Hernia - -hernia occuring in the groin area, more common in males
*landmarks inguinal ring, inferior epigastric vessels, and spermatic vessels
-McVays Repair - -used to repair femoral hernias(transverse fascia
&conjoined tendon to cooper's lagament(pectenial ligament)
-Ligament of Cooper's - -lateral extension of lucuner ligament, surrounds
spermatic cord & testies. Cremaster muscle forms a ring around spermatic
cord, continuation of internal oblique, Genito femoral intervals cremaster
muscle & over middle surface of the thigh
-McBurneys Incision - -oblique RLQ incision appendix removal
-Gerotas Fascia - -a fibrous capsule that encircles the kidney to aid in
keeping the kidney in the correct anatomical position and to cushion it from
injury
kidneys live retroperitoneal with the ureters
-nephroblastomas - -Wilm's tumor(commonly found in children)
cause obstruction of the vena cava, hepatic veins or renal veins
-open gallbladder
laparoscopic - -dissected anti-grade
dissected retrograde
-duodenum, jejunum, and ileum - -make up small intestines
, -duodenum - -first of small intestines where all food digestion is complete;
associated with Brunner's gland; connects the pylori of the stomach to the
jejunum
-jejunum - -absorption of digested foods, vitamins,& electrolytes; thick wall
with larger lumen in diameter and more vascularity compared to ileum;
color; deep red
-ileum - -final portion of small intestines,connects to the cecum; absorbs
nutrients the jejunum doesn't ; Meckel's Diverticulum found here color;pale
pink Peyer's patches
-Superior Mesenteric Artery
SMA - -blood supply to the distal pancreas,duodenum, cecum, and the
ascending and right transverse colon;
what are some medical conditions that may mimic anorexia?
What is the most common vessel blocked with intestinal ischemia?
The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery branches off which artery?
-Inferior Mesenteric Artery
IMA - -oirgin: abdominal aorta; Supplies the left half of the transverse colon,
the descending/iliac/and sigmoid colon, and part of the rectum; often
sacrificed during AAA REPAIR, COLONIC ISHEMIA CAN OCCUR
-5 MAJOR ARTERIES THAT SUPPLY THE LARGE INTESTINES - -Iliocolic artery,
right colic artery, middle colic artery, left colic artery, and the superior rectal
artery
-layers of the stomach and intestines - -serosa, mucosa, and submucosa
-large intestines - -cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending
colon, sigmoid, and rectum; water absorption back into the bloodstream, and
eliminates food wastes ;
-ileocecal valve - -regulates discharge of small intestinal contents into large
intestines; permits movement of fecal matter and gas in either direction
which helps prevent obstructions
-cecum - -widest and smallest part of the colon; first part of the large
intestines; appendix is attached ;where the distal ilium enters and forms the
ileocecal valve; intraperitoneal covered by mesocecum
-appendix - -mass of lymphatic tissue that helps contribute to immunity;
connects to the cecum;possible cause of appendictis in adults-fecal matter
blocking the lumen; appendisitis in youth- hyperplasia of lyphatic follicles in
appendix occludes the lumen
, -ascending colon - -right side of the abdomen from the cecum up to the
transverse coloncontracts rt. lobe of the liver; secondarily retroperitoneal
-transverse colon - -part of the colon that extends across the abdomen,
blood supply from the SMA and IMA; vitamin K is produced here; most
movable part of lg. intestines; intraperotoneal
*structures that hold transverse colon are transverse mesocolic,hepatic
flexure, and splenic flexure
-descending colon - -left colic flexure down from the transverse to the
sigmoid; secondarily retroperitoneal
-sigmoid colon - -most common site for diverticula; S shaped part of the
colon between the ascending and rectum;suseptible to volvulus because
greatest range of motion, easy to twist on itself
-volvulus - -twisting of the bowel can cut off blood supply and lead to
gangrene; can be corrected by peristalsis
-peristalis - -contraction of smooth muscle that keep digested food moving
downward
-Triangle of Calot - -Margins: edge of the liver, hepatic duct and cystic duct;
cystic artery can be found here; nice of Lund is also found here
-hepatoduodenal - -During a lap whole it is important to identify;
this is a thicker region of the lesser omentum extending between the liver
and the duodenum the right edge is free and contains the portal
triad:common bile duct, proper hepatic artery and the portal vein
-ligament of trietz - -when surgically running the bowel, you would start
here;
connects from the diaphragm to the duodenal jejeunal flexure and helps
mark the transition from duodenum to jejunum
divides upper and lower GI
-hartmans pouch - -gallbladder folds back on itself at neck, forms a pouch
Typical location for stones
-Crohn's disease - -Is an auto immune disease
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract characterized by ulcerations and
formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestional obstruction
-diverticulum - -Zenker diverticulum (diagnosed by barium swallow)oat
common disease of the colon
and Answers
Hesselbacks Triangle - -landmarks;medial rectus abdominas, lateral inferior
epigastric vessels,and Inferior inguinal ligaments-Direct hernias occur here
-Transverse Fascia - -defects in the transverse fascia can cause direct &
indirect hernias
-hernia - -rupture
-Pantaloon Hernia - -when a direct & indirect hernia are present
-Umbilical Hernia - -due to developmental deficiencies congenital umbilical
hernia or weakness in linea alba in area of umbilicus
-Inguinal Hernia - -hernia occuring in the groin area, more common in males
*landmarks inguinal ring, inferior epigastric vessels, and spermatic vessels
-McVays Repair - -used to repair femoral hernias(transverse fascia
&conjoined tendon to cooper's lagament(pectenial ligament)
-Ligament of Cooper's - -lateral extension of lucuner ligament, surrounds
spermatic cord & testies. Cremaster muscle forms a ring around spermatic
cord, continuation of internal oblique, Genito femoral intervals cremaster
muscle & over middle surface of the thigh
-McBurneys Incision - -oblique RLQ incision appendix removal
-Gerotas Fascia - -a fibrous capsule that encircles the kidney to aid in
keeping the kidney in the correct anatomical position and to cushion it from
injury
kidneys live retroperitoneal with the ureters
-nephroblastomas - -Wilm's tumor(commonly found in children)
cause obstruction of the vena cava, hepatic veins or renal veins
-open gallbladder
laparoscopic - -dissected anti-grade
dissected retrograde
-duodenum, jejunum, and ileum - -make up small intestines
, -duodenum - -first of small intestines where all food digestion is complete;
associated with Brunner's gland; connects the pylori of the stomach to the
jejunum
-jejunum - -absorption of digested foods, vitamins,& electrolytes; thick wall
with larger lumen in diameter and more vascularity compared to ileum;
color; deep red
-ileum - -final portion of small intestines,connects to the cecum; absorbs
nutrients the jejunum doesn't ; Meckel's Diverticulum found here color;pale
pink Peyer's patches
-Superior Mesenteric Artery
SMA - -blood supply to the distal pancreas,duodenum, cecum, and the
ascending and right transverse colon;
what are some medical conditions that may mimic anorexia?
What is the most common vessel blocked with intestinal ischemia?
The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery branches off which artery?
-Inferior Mesenteric Artery
IMA - -oirgin: abdominal aorta; Supplies the left half of the transverse colon,
the descending/iliac/and sigmoid colon, and part of the rectum; often
sacrificed during AAA REPAIR, COLONIC ISHEMIA CAN OCCUR
-5 MAJOR ARTERIES THAT SUPPLY THE LARGE INTESTINES - -Iliocolic artery,
right colic artery, middle colic artery, left colic artery, and the superior rectal
artery
-layers of the stomach and intestines - -serosa, mucosa, and submucosa
-large intestines - -cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending
colon, sigmoid, and rectum; water absorption back into the bloodstream, and
eliminates food wastes ;
-ileocecal valve - -regulates discharge of small intestinal contents into large
intestines; permits movement of fecal matter and gas in either direction
which helps prevent obstructions
-cecum - -widest and smallest part of the colon; first part of the large
intestines; appendix is attached ;where the distal ilium enters and forms the
ileocecal valve; intraperitoneal covered by mesocecum
-appendix - -mass of lymphatic tissue that helps contribute to immunity;
connects to the cecum;possible cause of appendictis in adults-fecal matter
blocking the lumen; appendisitis in youth- hyperplasia of lyphatic follicles in
appendix occludes the lumen
, -ascending colon - -right side of the abdomen from the cecum up to the
transverse coloncontracts rt. lobe of the liver; secondarily retroperitoneal
-transverse colon - -part of the colon that extends across the abdomen,
blood supply from the SMA and IMA; vitamin K is produced here; most
movable part of lg. intestines; intraperotoneal
*structures that hold transverse colon are transverse mesocolic,hepatic
flexure, and splenic flexure
-descending colon - -left colic flexure down from the transverse to the
sigmoid; secondarily retroperitoneal
-sigmoid colon - -most common site for diverticula; S shaped part of the
colon between the ascending and rectum;suseptible to volvulus because
greatest range of motion, easy to twist on itself
-volvulus - -twisting of the bowel can cut off blood supply and lead to
gangrene; can be corrected by peristalsis
-peristalis - -contraction of smooth muscle that keep digested food moving
downward
-Triangle of Calot - -Margins: edge of the liver, hepatic duct and cystic duct;
cystic artery can be found here; nice of Lund is also found here
-hepatoduodenal - -During a lap whole it is important to identify;
this is a thicker region of the lesser omentum extending between the liver
and the duodenum the right edge is free and contains the portal
triad:common bile duct, proper hepatic artery and the portal vein
-ligament of trietz - -when surgically running the bowel, you would start
here;
connects from the diaphragm to the duodenal jejeunal flexure and helps
mark the transition from duodenum to jejunum
divides upper and lower GI
-hartmans pouch - -gallbladder folds back on itself at neck, forms a pouch
Typical location for stones
-Crohn's disease - -Is an auto immune disease
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract characterized by ulcerations and
formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestional obstruction
-diverticulum - -Zenker diverticulum (diagnosed by barium swallow)oat
common disease of the colon
