MCBM Exam 3 – Clark Questions with Complete Solutions

Extrinsic factors for abnormal morphogenesis Correct Answer-deformation, disruption, lower recurrence risk Intrinsic factors for abnormal morphogenesis Correct Answer-malformation (single, multiple), dysplasia (single tissue type) higher recurrence risk major causes of birth defects... Correct Answer-KNOWN (40%) - multifactorial (20%), single gene (8%), environments agents (6%), chromosome anomalies (6%), UNKNOWN (60%) leading cause of death in term newborns Correct Answer-congenital anomalies, 1/30 newborns has a significant birth defect paternal origin of aneuploidy Correct Answer-45,X (Turner), 47,XYY deformation Correct Answer-abnormal mechanical force that alters shape of, but does not destroy, an otherwise normal organ without halting morphogenesis (twins, abn shaped uterus) oligohydramnios can cause Correct Answer-facial compression and pulmonary hypoplasia