NR 503 EPIDEMIOLOGY Exam Study Guide With Verified Solutions.

NR 503 EPIDEMIOLOGY Exam Study Guide With Verified Solutions. Epidemiology - answerThe science of public health. The focus on assessing risk, data and demographics for large groups Population Health - answerFocuses on risk, data, demographics and outcomes. Outcome - answerThe end result following an intervention Aggregate - answerDefined population Community - answerComposed of multiple aggregates Data - answerCompile data Prevalence - answerMeasures the existence of all current cases within a time frame. The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time. Incidence - answerThe number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time. Measures the appearance of new cases. Surveillance - answerCollection, analysis, dissemination of data. High- risk - answerIncreased chance of poor health outcome. Morbidity - answerPresence of illness in population Mortality - answerRelated to the tracking of deaths within an aggregate Validity - answerthe extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to. test is the ability of that test to distinguish correctly who has a disease Specificity - answerthe ability of a test to correctly identify those who do not have the disease sensitivity - answerthe ability of a test to correctly identify those who have a disease primary prevention - answerEfforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever occurring. Primary prevention identifies modifiable risk secondary prevention - answer-focuses on early identification of individuals or communities experiencing illness, providing treatment, and conducting activities that are geared to prevent worsening health status -examples: communicable disease screening and case finding; early detection and treatment of diabetes; exercise programs for older adult clients who are frail tertiary prevention - answeractions taken to contain damage once a disease or disability has progressed beyond its early stages tertiary prevention examples - answer- enhance rehabilitation from disease, injury, or disability - Provide cardiac rehabilitation, medication, and surgery. - medical treatment - physical and occupational therapy, and rehabilitation - Monitor the use of prescription medications and adherence to treatment to reduce risk for illness complications - Provide health promotion activities to persons with serious and persistent mental illness. - Promote support group participation for those with mental health disabilities. - The public health nurse provides a diabetes clinic for a defined population of adults in a low- income housing unit of the community. - If blood pressure cannot be controlled by diet, refer the client to a physician or nurse practitioner for medication; advise the client to engage in a cardiac program that will oversee diet and exercise. - Participate in home visits to mothers who are at risk for neglecting babies, to reduce the costs related to abuse - Provide health care and treatment for those infected by H1N1 or the new strains of the virus. - Evaluate the incidence or prevalence of obesity among school children after the implementation of the program and provide programs to reduce complications from the condition.