normal temp for peds patient - ️️- less than 37.7C (99.9F)
- report immediately if young infant with temp >38.0C
- older infant/children a fever is 38.5C
- when to report: infant under age 2-4 months with fever >38.0, and a fever in a child with
an underlying condition
normal HR for ...
NSG 320 Exam 1-Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified/ Latest Update
2024/2025
normal temp for peds patient - ✔️✔️- less than 37.7C (99.9F)
- report immediately if young infant with temp >38.0C
- older infant/children a fever is 38.5C
- when to report: infant under age 2-4 months with fever >38.0, and a fever in a child with
an underlying condition
normal HR for peds patients - ✔️✔️- higher in infants, slows as you grow
- normal is "100ish"
- children under ~12 should always have a pulse greater than 60/min (if they dont=CODE)
normal respiration rate for peds patients - ✔️✔️- higher in infants, slows as you grow
- normal = 20-30ish in infants/toddlers
- 20ish in preschool and school age
normal blood pressure for peds patients - ✔️✔️- normal = 60-80/40-50 in infants
- 100ish/50-70 in children
hygiene for peds patients - ✔️✔️- maintain healthy skin: turn every 2 hrs
- bathing: infants/children need wiped down at least every day
- hair care: at least 1-2 times a week
- diaper changing:at least every 3 hours, with feeds/temps
- oral hygiene
feeding issues - ✔️✔️- feeding is work for an infant: we know their baseline by feeds (look
at face to see issues sucking, refusing nipple, sweating, increased resp rate (bad sign)
- refusal to eat is common in children (toddlers): control issue, allow choices
- make eating interesting
,feeding an infant - ✔️✔️- do NOT warm in microwave (can break down the good stuff and
cause hot spots), use warm water instead
- normal feeding schedule 3-4 hours
- remember to burp
- DO NOT ALLOW feeding to extend 20-30 minutes (burning more calories than ingesting)
- DO NOT PROP BOTTLE
improving absorption of feeds - ✔️✔️- use pacifier during alternative feeds: nonnutritive
sucking improves digestion
- quiet, calm environment
- consistent feeding techniques by caregivers/family members
alternative feeding techniques: parenteral/TPN - ✔️✔️- administer through central line
- use in line filter
- check blood glucose
- use aseptic technique
- monitor VS
- monitor for infection
- monitor for electrolyte imbalances
- keep system closed at all times (avoid air embolism)
- avoid administering medications through TPN line
medication differences in peds - ✔️✔️- medications are affected by higher % of body
water, decreased body fat, liver immaturity, decreased plasma proteins available for
binding, limited renal excretion
- oral meds: slower gastric emptying, increased intestinal motility, higher PH, decreased
lipase/amylase
- intramuscular: amount of muscle mass and tone=faster absorption in infants
- topical: greater body surface area=increased absorption/permeability
- pediatric dosages based on weight, body surface area (BSA) and maturation of body organs
, oral medication administration in peds - ✔️✔️- greater risk of aspiration in children less
than 6: use liquids or crush and mix with SMALL amount of liquid
- use calibrated equipment: oral syringe, direct liquid to posterior side of mouth, small
amount at a time
- use syringe/nipples for babies (not usually nipples bc negative association)
- do NOT mix with formula
- do NOT refer to as candy
- may mix with small amount of syrup, applesauce, ice cream
- use popsicles to numb tongue
- use a "chaser" if appropriate
intramuscular medications - ✔️✔️- preferred site: vastus lateralis
- deltoid may be use in children > 3 years
dorsogluteal not recommended under age of 5
- needle size: approx 22-25 gauge, 5/8-1 inch in younger children
- volume: 0.5-1mL, school age 1.5-2mL
- *EMLA cream*
intravenous medications - ✔️✔️- use atraumatic care when inserting/removing PIV: EMLA,
parent participation, therapeutic hugging, adhesive remover
- care must be taken to prevent fluid overload ( <10 kilo = 100mL/kg/day): always use pump
(syringe pump, 'Buretrol' volume control device), maintenance fluids much less in peds
- prevent complications: inspect site every 1-2 hours, change dressing and tubing per
institution protocol
if a baby weighs less than 10 kilos.... - ✔️✔️- 100 mL/kg/day of fluid to prevent fluid
overload
Buretrol - ✔️✔️- volume control device
- safety mechanism to only allow the patient to receive what is in the buretrol
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