PLTW Biomedical Final Exam Questions and Answers
Adenosine Ti-Phosphate (ATP) Carbohydrate - Answer-A compound composed of adenosine and three phosphate groups that supplies energy for many biochemical cellular processes by undergoing enzymatic hydrolysis.
Amino Acid - Answer-An organic monomer...
Adenosine Ti-Phosphate (ATP) Carbohydrate - Answer-A compound composed of
adenosine and three phosphate groups that supplies energy for many biochemical
cellular processes by undergoing enzymatic hydrolysis.
Amino Acid - Answer-An organic monomer which serves as a building block of proteins.
Calorie - Answer-The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of
water by 1°C; also the amount of heat energy that 1 g of water releases when it cools by
1°C. The Calorie (with a capital C), usually used to indicate the energy content of food,
is a kilocalorie.
Carbohydrate - Answer-A sugar in the form of a monosaccharide, disaccharide or
polysaccharide.
Chemical Bond - Answer-An attractive force that holds together the atoms, ions, or
groups of atoms in a molecule or compound.
Chemical Indicator - Answer-A substance (as a dye) used to show visually usually by its
capacity for color change, the condition of a solution with respect to the presence of free
acid or alkali or some other substance.
Chemical Reaction - Answer-Chemical transformation or change; the interaction of
chemical entities.
Chromosome - Answer-Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that contain
the genetic material.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid - Answer-A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule
capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
Gel Electrophoresis - Answer-The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis
of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an
electrical field in a gel.
Gene - Answer-A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific
nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses).
Helix - Answer-Something spiral in form.
, Model - Answer-A simplified version of something complex used, for example, to
analyze and solve problems or make predictions.
Nucleotide - Answer-A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar
covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
Compound - Answer-A substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio.
Dehydration Synthesis - Answer-A chemical reaction in which two molecules are
bonded together with the removal of a water molecule.
Disaccharide - Answer-A double sugar molecule made of two monosaccharides bonded
together through dehydration synthesis.
Element - Answer-The smallest particle of a substance that retains all the properties of
the substance and is composed of one or more atoms.
Glucose - Answer-A monomer of carbohydrate, simple sugar.
Hydrolysis - Answer-A chemical process that splits a molecule by adding water.
Lipid - Answer-One of a family of compounds including fats, phospholipids, and steroids
that is insoluble in water.
Macromolecule - Answer-A type of giant molecule formed by joining smaller molecules
which includes proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Biomedical Science - Answer-Application of the principles of natural sciences,
especially biology and physiology, to clinical medicine.
Experiment - Answer-A research study conducted to determine the effect that one
variable has upon another variable.
Independent Variable - Answer-The variable that is varied or manipulated by the
researcher.
Positive Control - Answer-Group expected to have a positive result, allowing the
researcher to show that the experimental set up was capable of producing results.
Control Group - Answer-The group in an experiment where the independent variable
being tested is not applied so that it may serve as a standard for comparison against the
experimental group where the independent variable is applied.
Forensic Science - Answer-The application of scientific knowledge to questions of civil
and criminal law.
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