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HKIN 191 Midterm Study Guide Questions and Answers Physiology - Answer-The study of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of living organisms. Exercise Physiology - Answer-Addresses short-term responses of the body to stress caused by physical activity and the adaptability of th...

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  • August 5, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • hkin 191 midterm study guide
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HKIN 191 Midterm Study Guide
Questions and Answers
Physiology - Answer-The study of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions
of living organisms.

Exercise Physiology - Answer-Addresses short-term responses of the body to stress
caused by physical activity and the adaptability of the body relative to physical activity.

Sedentary Physiology - Answer-The study of deleterious health outcomes from the lack
of moderate to physical activity.

Physical Activity - Answer-Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles resulting
in energy expenditure, usually related to physical fitness.

Exercise - Answer-Planned, structured, and repetitive bodily movement aimed at
improving or maintaining physical fitness.

Sport - Answer-Subset of exercise undertaken individually or as part of a team,
adhering to a common set of rules or expectations.

Physical Fitness - Answer-The ability of the body systems to work together efficiently to
allow for healthy living and performing daily activities.

Health-Related Components of Physical Fitness - Answer-Body Composition,
Cardiorespiratory Endurance, Flexibility, Muscular Endurance, Power, Strength.

Skill-Related Components of Physical Fitness - Answer-Speed, Balance, Agility,
Coordination, Reaction Time.

Sleep - Answer-The state in which the body is in complete relaxation, lowering systems
to the minimum to keep alive and rest.

Sedentary - Answer-Energy output below a certain threshold, involving sleeping and low
energy expenditure activities.

SITT Principle - Answer-Sedentary behavior frequency, Interruptions, Time, Type.

, Intensity - Answer-MET - Metabolic equivalent, with 1 MET being the energy cost of
sitting (1/kcal/kg/hour) or (3.5ml/kg/min).

MET Compendium - Answer-Categorizes activities by light, moderate, and vigorous
intensity based on associated METs.

CSEP Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines (2011) - Answer-Recommended 150
minutes of vigorous physical activity per week, without specific recommendations for
other activity.


Carbohydrates - Answer-Macronutrients providing energy, covered up to the lecture.

Homeostasis - Answer-The body's tendency to maintain internal stability, crucial for
resting conditions.

Pulse Wave Velocity - Answer-Measure of aortal stiffness, calculated using distance
and time, with a cut-off between 9.9 - 13.0 m/s.

Preload - Answer-Volume of blood in ventricles at the end of diastole, increased in
hypervolemia and regurgitation.

Afterload - Answer-Resistance the left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood,
increased in hypertension and vasoconstriction.

Systole - Answer-Period of contraction of the ventricles of the heart, used to measure
aortal compliance and stiffness.

Diastole - Answer-Period of relaxation in the ventricles, involving passive and active
filling of the heart with blood.

Arterial Stiffness - Answer-Rigidity of blood vessels increasing reverb back to the heart,
leading to higher blood pressure.

Arterial Compliance - Answer-Ability of the blood vessel wall to expand and contract
passively with changes in pressure, calculated by change in Volume by change in
Pressure.

Perfusion Pressure - Answer-The pressure from the arterial side to the venous side of
the vessel.

Transmural Pressure - Answer-The pressure difference across the vessel wall.

Left Ventricle - Answer-Part of the heart responsible for inducing blood flow through the
body and allowing it to fill up with more blood.

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