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Practice questions exam 4 CHA Questions with Correct Answers
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Practice questions exam 4 CHA Questions with Correct Answers
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Practice questions exam 4 CHA Questions withCorrect Answers
A client with an upper respiratory infection asks the nurse why the
health care provider did not prescribe an antibiotic. What would be the
best response from the nurse? Correct Answer ✓✓ "Upper respiratory
infections generally are caused by viruses and therefore should not be
treated with antibiotics."
Generally, upper respiratory infections are viral; therefore, antibiotics
should not be used. Overuse of antibiotics results in antibiotic-resistant
strains of bacteria. Antibiotics are used to treat bacteria, not viruses.
The nurse auscultates fine crackles in a client who has arrived in the
emergency department with respiratory distress. When the nurse is
providing information to the client about crackles, which would be
appropriate to include? Correct Answer ✓✓ Crackles are located in the
smaller air passages
Fine crackles (Sometimes called rales) are the sounds of fluid bubbling
within smaller airways and alveoli, usually attributable to pulmonary
edema. Pleural rubbing causes a sound with a grating quality heard over
the anterolateral area of the chest; it is attributable to decreased pleural
lubrication. Bronchial constriction causes rhonchi or wheezes. Crackles
are heard during inspiration.
Which pulmonary risk may be increased in a postoperative client due to
anesthesia? Correct Answer ✓✓ Atelectasis
,Postoperative clients are at risk for atelectasis, which involves the
collapse of the alveoli. this condition is caused by the effects of
anesthesia. Rhonchi are continuous or snoring sounds caused by the
obstruction of the larger airways. fremitus is the vibration of the chest
wall during vocalization. Dyspnea is a shortness of breath; this condition
is an after effect of atelectasis.
Which sounds are described as abnormal extra breath sounds to include
crackles, rhonchi, wheezes, and pleural friction rubs? Correct Answer
✓✓ Adventitious
Adventitious sounds are described as abnormal extra breath sounds to
include crackles, rhonchi, wheezes, and pleural friction rubs. Vesicular
sounds are relatively soft, low-pitched, gentle, rustling sounds.
Bronchial sounds are louder and higher pitched and resemble air
blowing through a hollow pipe. Bronchovesicular sounds have a
medium pitch and intensity and heard over the main stem bronchi on
either side of the sternum and posteriorly between the scapulae.
The nurse performs a respiratory assessment and auscultates breath
sounds that are high pitched, creaking, and accentuated on expiration.
Which term best describes the findings? Correct Answer ✓✓ Wheezes
Wheezes are one of the most common breath sounds assessed and
auscultated in clients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). Wheezes are produced as air flows through narrowed
passageways. Rhonchi are coarse, rattling sounds similar to snoring and
are usually caused by secretions in the bronchial airways. A pleural
friction rub is an abrasive sound made by two acutely inflamed serous
,surfaces rubbing together during respiratory cycle. Bronchovesicular
sounds are intermediate between bronchial (upper) and vesicular (lower)
breath sounds; they are normal when heard between the first and second
intercoastal spaces anteriorly and posteriorly between scapulae.
A client who wakes up after a surgery spits out the oral airway placed
during the recovery from anesthesia. What does this behavior indicate to
the nurse? Correct Answer ✓✓ The client's gag reflex has returned
The ability to spit out the oral airway indicates that the normal gag reflex
has returned, and the client can protest his or her airway. Confusion due
to anesthesia may be manifested as disorientation. the ability to spit put
the airway does not mean that the client is nauseated. Oral airway is
meant to keep the airway patent; it may not be obstruct the airway,
A client is receiving oxygen therapy with a non-rebreather mask. What
is an appropriately flow rate for this oxygen device. Correct Answer ✓✓
10-15L/min
A flow rate for a non-rebreather mask should be from 10-15L/min. A
flow rate less than this will not adequately inflate the bag.
In order to start employment, a nursing student is required to have a PPD
test. During the test reading an induration of 14mm is identified. What is
the interpretation of this result? Correct Answer ✓✓ The student nurse
has had an exposure to TB.
, A positive PPD test has an induration of >10mm. This indicated the
patient has had exposure to TB and a chest x-ray is needed to detect TB.
If the x-ray detects TB, a sputum culture is needed to confirm the
diagnosis.
A client scheduled for a permanent tracheostomy is receiving education
on tracheostomy care by the nurse. Which statement by the client
requires further education? Correct Answer ✓✓ "If a fenestrated tube is
placed, I will not be able to speak."
Fenestrated tubes, if capped, can allow patient to cough and speak as air
moves through fenestration and up through the natural airway. Providing
inner cannula care will help prevent secretion buildup and tube
obstruction. Cuffs are inflated to create a seal between the trachea and
cuff, but does not protect against aspiration during feeding or mouth
care. Suctioning is a sterile technique to help prevent infection.
The nurse is preparing to suction a client with a tracheostomy in place.
Which action by the nurse should be completed first? Correct Answer
✓✓ Assess the patient's respiratory status.
A nurse is caring for a client that was recently exposed to a caustic
chemical while at work. The nurse is needing to frequently titrate the
oxygen level to maintain SpO2 above 92%. What physiological process
does the nurse suspect is occur? Correct Answer ✓✓ Refractory
hypoxia from poor gas exchange at the alveoli
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