MCAT Official Prep Practice Exam 1: Psychological, Social, and Biological Foundations of Behavior || with 100% Correct Answers.
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MCAT Official Prep Practice
encoding correct answers refers to the process of putting new information into memory; the process of receiving information and preparing it for storage; can be automatic or effortful
automatic processing correct answers the brain process most closely resembling autopilot, enabling performance o...
MCAT Official Prep Practice Exam 1: Psychological, Social,
and Biological Foundations of Behavior || with 100%
Correct Answers.
encoding correct answers refers to the process of putting new information into memory; the
process of receiving information and preparing it for storage; can be automatic or effortful
automatic processing correct answers the brain process most closely resembling autopilot,
enabling performance of multiple activities at the same time; information gained without any
effort; unintentional, information is passively absorbed from the environment
controlled processing correct answers processing method used when a task requires complete
attention
visual encoding correct answers a method of storing information based on visual input and the
way something looks, the weakest type of encoding
acoustic encoding correct answers a method of storing information based on auditory input and
the way something sounds
elaborative encoding correct answers a method of storing information by linking it to knowledge
that is already in memory
semantic encoding correct answers a method of storing information by putting it into a
meaningful context, the strongest type of encoding
self-reference effect correct answers the tendency for individuals to best recall information that
they can relate to their own experiences
maintenance rehearsal correct answers the repetition of a piece of information to either keep it
within working memory or to store it in short-term and eventually long-term memory
method of loci correct answers involves associating each item in a list with a location along a
route through a building that has already been memorized
peg-word system correct answers the association of numbers with items that rhyme with or
resemble the numbers
chunking correct answers also referred to as clustering, a memory trick that involves taking
individual elements of a large list and grouping them together into groups of elements with
related meaning
sensory memory correct answers preserves information in its original sensory form with high
accuracy and lasts only a very short time, includes iconic and echoic memory, housed in the
temporal (auditory) or occipital (visual) lobes
, iconic memory correct answers fast-decaying memory of visual stimuli
echoic memory correct answers fast-decaying memory of auditory stimuli
short-term memory correct answers memory which fades quickly, over about 30 seconds without
rehearsal, and which is limited in capacity by the 7 +/- 2 rule
memory capacity correct answers short-term memory is limited to about 7 +/- 2 items, can be
increased by clustering items together, primarily housed in the hippocampus
working memory correct answers enables us to keep a few pieces of information in our
consciousness simultaneously and to manipulate that information, supported by the
hippocampus, frontal and parietal lobes involved
long-term memory correct answers a storage bank for knowledge that we are able to recall on
demand, information that is significantly rehearsed or of sufficient impact, stored in the cerebral
cortex
elaborative rehearsal correct answers the association of information in short-term memory to
information already stored in long-term memory; aids in long-term storage
implicit memory correct answers also referred to as non declarative memory, memory that does
not require conscious recall; consists of skills and conditioned behaviors
procedural memory correct answers relates to our unconscious memory of the skills required to
complete procedural tasks
priming correct answers involves the presentation of one stimulus affecting the perception of a
second, a retrieval cue by which recall is aided by a word or phrase that is semantically related to
the desired memory
positive priming correct answers occurs when exposure to the first stimulus improves processing
of the second stimulus
negative priming correct answers occurs when exposure to the first stimulus interferes with the
processing of the second stimulus
explicit memory correct answers also referred to as declarative memory, consists of memories
that require conscious recall
episodic memory correct answers our recollection of life experiences
semantic memory correct answers ideas, concepts, or facts that we know, but are not tied to
specific life events
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