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PSCI 2223 Final Terms with Complete Solutions

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PSCI 2223 Final Terms with Complete Solutions Defense Mechanisms - Answer-a mental process protecting an individual from realizations that would otherwise make the individual uncomfortable and anxious Belief System - Answer-an integrated set of images and values making up the relevant univer...

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  • August 22, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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PSCI 2223 Final Terms with
Complete Solutions
Defense Mechanisms - Answer-a mental process protecting an individual from
realizations that would otherwise make the individual uncomfortable and anxious

Belief System - Answer-an integrated set of images and values making up the relevant
universe for an individual, encompassing the past, the present, and expectations of the
future

Operational Code - Answer-a mental construct that helps to organize knowledge about
other actors or situations

Nation - Answer-a people who feel themselves part of some large identity group

Nationalism - Answer-the set of psychological, cultural, and social forces that drive the
formation of a nation and sustain national identity

State - Answer-a legal entity consisting of a government that manages the affairs of a
population in a given territory

Nation-States - Answer-synonymous with "state" or "country," but with the added
implication that the subject population identifies itself as a nation

Modern State System - Answer-Often dated from the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the
system consisting mainly of nation-states, each with sovereign authority over its internal
affairs

Peace of Westphalia - Answer-settlement ending the Thirty Years' War in 1648, which
reinforced the sovereignty of monarchs and is commonly considered the dawn of the
modern state system; each prince would have the right to determine the religion of his
own state; why is that important: the agreement that defined the rights of sovereign
states

Sovereignty - Answer-external = independence from any authority outside one's territory
internal = supreme authority over all other entities within one's territory

Anarchy - Answer-an arrangement that lacks a higher authority, and a central feature of
the modern international system

, Intergovernmental Organization (IGOs) - Answer-an international organization
composed of states, in which delegates represent the interests and policies of their
home governments (UN, NATO, IMF, WTO)

Supranational Authorities - Answer-institutional arrangement whereby authoritative
decisions are made by representatives of an international organization and are binding
on member states

Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) - Answer-a transnational organization
composed of private actors, whether individuals or groups (Amnesty International,
Greenpeace)

Multinational Corporations (MNCs) - Answer-an economic enterprise with subsidiaries in
one or more countries

Global Civil Society - Answer-complex of nongovernmental entities, including
individuals, groups, and institutions, who interact across state boundaries

Power - Answer-the ability to influence the behavior of others, the social agenda, or the
preferences and values that others adopt as their own

Compellence - Answer-a policy aimed at influencing another state or nonstate actor to
stop an action it is already pursuing; also called "coercive diplomacy"

Deterrence - Answer-a policy aimed at influencing another state or nonstate actor to not
do something it otherwise would do

Soft Power - Answer-the ability to exercise influence through attraction, as opposed to
coercion

Liberals - Answer-a perspective that emphasizes the importance of institutions and
linkages between states for facilitating cooperation, coordination, and nonviolent modes
of conflict resolution

Realists - Answer-a perspective that emphasizes the importance of self-interest, power,
and the competitiveness of states in an anarchic international system

Marxism/Radical Critique - Answer-a perspective that emphasizes the conflicting
economic interests of social classes and the injustices experienced by the less
advantaged

Rationalism - Answer-an approach that conceptualizes states and non-state entities as
rational actors pursuing their interests subject to limits imposed by their capabilities and
environment

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