Med Surg Exam 3 Burns Questions with Latest Update
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Course
Burns
Institution
Burns
Knowing the most common causes of household fires, which prevention strategy would the nurse focus on when teaching about fire safety?
a. Set hot water temperature at 140 degrees F
b. Use only hardwired smoke detectors
c. Encourage regular home fire exit drills
d. Never permit older adults to...
Med Surg Exam 3 Burns Questions with
Latest Update
Knowing the most common causes of household fires, which prevention strategy would
the nurse focus on when teaching about fire safety?
a. Set hot water temperature at 140 degrees F
b. Use only hardwired smoke detectors
c. Encourage regular home fire exit drills
d. Never permit older adults to cook unattended - Answer-1. Correct answer: c
Rationale: A risk-reduction strategy for household fires is to encourage regular home
fire exit drills. Hot water heaters set at 140° F (60° C) or higher are a burn hazard in the
home; the temperature should be set at less than 120° F (40° C). Installation of smoke
and carbon monoxide detectors can prevent inhalation injuries. Hard-wired smoke
detectors do not require battery replacement; battery-operated smoke detectors may be
used. Supervision of older adults who are cooking is necessary only if cognitive
alterations are observed.
The injury that is least likely to result in a full-thickness burn is:
a. sunburn
b. scald injury
c. chemical burn
d. electrical injury - Answer-Correct answer: a
Rationale: Full-thickness burns may be caused by contact with flames, scalding liquids,
chemicals, tar, or electrical current.
When assessing a patient with a partial-thickness burn, the nurse would expect to find
(SATA):
a. blisters
b. exposed fascia
c. exposed muscles
d. intact nerve endings
e. red, shiny, wet appearance - Answer-Correct answers: a, d, e
Rationale: The appearance of partial-thickness (deep) burns may include fluid-filled
vesicles (blisters) that are red, shiny, or wet (if vesicles have ruptured). Patients may
have severe pain caused by exposure of nerve endings and may have mild to moderate
edema.
, A patient is admitted to the burn center with burns of his head and neck, chest, and
back after an explosion in his garage. On assessment, the nurse auscultates wheezes
throughout the lung fields. On reassessment, the wheezes are gone and the breath
sounds are greatly diminished. Which action is the most appropriate for the nurse to
take next?
a. obtain vital signs and a STAT ABG
b. encourage the patient to cough and auscultate the lungs again
c. document the findings and continue to monitor the patient's breathing
d. anticipate the need for endotracheal intubation and notify the physician - Answer-
Correct answer: d
Rationale: Inhalation injury results in exposure of the respiratory tract to intense heat or
flames with inhalation of noxious chemicals, smoke, or carbon monoxide. The nurse
should anticipate the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation because this patient
is demonstrating signs of severe respiratory distress.
Fluid and electrolyte shifts that occur during the early emergent phase of a burn injury
include:
a. adherence of albumin to vascular walls
b. movement of potassium into vascular space
c. sequestering of sodium and water in interstitial fluid
d. hemolysis of red blood cells from large volumes of rapidly administered fluid -
Answer-Correct answer: c
Rationale: During the emergency phase, sodium rapidly shifts to the interstitial spaces
and remains there until edema formation ceases.
To maintain a positive nitrogen balance in a major burn, the patient must:
a. eat a high-protein, low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet
b. increase normal caloric intake by about three times
c. eat at least 1500 calories/day in small, frequent meals
d. eat rice and whole wheat for the chemical effect on nitrogen balance. - Answer-
Correct answer: a
Rationale: The patient should be encouraged to eat high-protein, high-carbohydrate
foods to meet increased caloric needs. Massive catabolism can occur and is
characterized by protein breakdown and increased gluconeogenesis. Failure to supply
adequate calories and protein leads to malnutrition and delays in healing.
A patient has 25% TBSA burned from a car fire. His wounds have been debrided and
covered with a silver-impregnated dressing. The nurse's priority intervention for wound
care would be to:
a. reapply a new dressing without disturbing the wound bed
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