Test Bank Burns 23, 24 (skin) Exam Questions and Answers
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Course
Burns
Institution
Burns
Which information should the nurse include when teaching patients about decreasing the risk for sun damage to the skin?
a. Use a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 10 for adequate protection.
b. Try to stay out of the direct sun between the hours of 10 AM and 2 PM.
c. Water resistant sunscreens w...
Test Bank Burns 23, 24 (skin) Exam
Questions and Answers
Which information should the nurse include when teaching patients about decreasing
the risk for sun damage to the skin?
a. Use a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 10 for adequate protection.
b. Try to stay out of the direct sun between the hours of 10 AM and 2 PM.
c. Water resistant sunscreens will provide good protection when swimming.
d. Increase sun exposure by no more than 10 minutes a day to avoid skin damage. -
Answer-ANS: B
The risk for skin damage from the sun is highest with exposure between 10 AM and 2
PM. No sunscreen is completely water resistant. Sunscreens classified as water
resistant still need to be reapplied after swimming. Sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15
is recommended for people at normal risk for skin cancer. Although gradually increasing
sun exposure may decrease the risk for burning, the risk for skin cancer is not
decreased.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 408
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
2. Which information should the nurse include when teaching a patient who has just
received a prescription for ciprofloxacin (Cipro) to treat a urinary tract infection?
a. Use a sunscreen with a high SPF when exposed to the sun.
b. Sun exposure may decrease the effectiveness of the medication.
c. Photosensitivity may result in an artificial-looking tan appearance.
d. Wear sunglasses to avoid eye damage while taking this medication. - Answer-ANS: A
The patient should stay out of the sun. If that is not possible, teach the patient to wear
sunscreen when taking medications that can cause photosensitivity. The other
statements are not accurate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 408
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
3. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient
diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
a. Treatment plans include watchful waiting.
b. Screening for metastasis will be important.
c. Minimizing sun exposure reduces risk for future BCC.
d. Low dose systemic chemotherapy is used to treat BCC. - Answer-ANS: C
BCC is frequently associated with sun exposure, and preventive measures should be
taken for future sun exposure. BCC spreads locally, and does not metastasize to distant
tissues. Because BCC can cause local tissue destruction, treatment is indicated. Local
(not systemic) chemotherapy may be used to treat BCC.
,4. A patient in the dermatology clinic has a thin, scaly erythematous plaque on the right
cheek. Which action should the nurse take?
a. Prepare the patient for a skin biopsy.
b. Teach the use of corticosteroid cream.
c. Explain how to apply tretinoin (Retin-A) to the face.
d. Discuss the need for topical application of antibiotics. - Answer-ANS: A
Because the appearance of the lesion is suggestive of actinic keratosis or possible
squamous cell carcinoma, the appropriate treatment would be excision and biopsy.
Over-the-counter corticosteroids, topical antibiotics, and Retin-A would not be used for
this lesion.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 412
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
5. A patient has the following risk factors for melanoma. Which risk factor should the
nurse assign as the priority focus of patient teaching?
a. The patient has multiple dysplastic nevi.
b. The patient uses a tanning booth weekly.
c. The patient is fair-skinned and has blue eyes.
d. The patient's mother died of a malignant melanoma. - Answer-ANS: B
Because the only risk factor that the patient can change is the use of a tanning booth,
the nurse should focus teaching about melanoma prevention on this factor. The other
factors also will contribute to increased risk for melanoma.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (analysis) REF: 410
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
6. The health care provider diagnoses impetigo in a patient who has crusty
vesicopustular lesions on the lower face. Which instructions should the nurse include in
the teaching plan?
a. Clean the infected areas with soap and water.
b. Apply alcohol-based cleansers on the lesions.
c. Avoid use of antibiotic ointments on the lesions.
d. Use petroleum jelly (Vaseline) to soften crusty areas. - Answer-ANS: A
The treatment for impetigo includes softening of the crusts with warm saline soaks and
then soap-and-water removal. Alcohol-based cleansers and use of petroleum jelly are
not recommended for impetigo. Antibiotic ointments, such as mupirocin (Bactroban),
may be applied to the lesions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 414
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
7. The nurse notes the presence of white lesions that resemble milk curds in the back of
a patient's throat. Which question by the nurse is appropriate at this time?
a. "Are you taking any medications?"
b. "Do you have a productive cough?"
c. "How often do you brush your teeth?"
d. "Have you had an oral herpes infection?" - Answer-ANS: A
, The appearance of the lesions is consistent with an oral candidiasis (thrush) infection,
which can occur in patients who are taking medications such as immunosuppressants
or antibiotics. Candidiasis is not associated with poor oral hygiene or lower respiratory
infections. The lesions do not look like an oral herpes infection.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 409
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
8. A teenaged male patient who is on a wrestling team is examined by the nurse in the
clinic. Which assessment finding would prompt the nurse to teach the patient about the
importance of not sharing headgear to prevent the spread of pediculosis?
a. Ringlike rashes with red, scaly borders over the entire scalp
b. Papular, wheal-like lesions with white deposits on the hair shaft
c. Patchy areas of alopecia with small vesicles and excoriated areas
d. Red, hivelike papules and plaques with sharply circumscribed borders - Answer-ANS:
B
Pediculosis is characterized by wheal-like lesions with parasites that attach eggs to the
base of the hair shaft. The other descriptions are more characteristic of other types of
skin disorders.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 416
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
9. The health care provider prescribes topical 5-FU for a patient with actinic keratosis on
the left cheek. The nurse should include which statement in the patient's instructions?
a. "5-FU will shrink the lesion to prepare for surgical excision."
b. "Your cheek area will be eroded and it will take several weeks to heal."
c. "You may develop nausea and anorexia, but good nutrition is important during
treatment."
d. "You will need to avoid crowds because of the risk for infection caused by
chemotherapy." - Answer-ANS: B
Topical 5-FU causes an initial reaction of erythema, itching, and erosion that lasts 4
weeks after application of the medication is stopped. The medication is topical, so there
are no systemic effects such as increased infection risk, anorexia, or nausea.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 421
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
10. A patient with atopic dermatitis has been using a high-potency topical corticosteroid
ointment for several weeks. The nurse should assess for which adverse effect?
a. Thinning of the affected skin c. Dryness and scaling in the area
b. Alopecia of the affected areas d. Reddish-brown skin discoloration - Answer-ANS: A
Thinning of the skin indicates that atrophy, a possible adverse effect of topical
corticosteroids, is occurring. The health care provider should be notified so that the
medication can be changed or tapered. Alopecia, red-brown discoloration, and dryness
and scaling of the skin are not adverse effects of topical corticosteroid use.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 421
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
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