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Exam (elaborations)

Absite Qbank Final Exam Questions And Answers

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How long is the Colon/Rectum?  :-- 150 cm What do the anterolateral stalks of the rectum contain?  :-- Middle Rectal Artery What is the retrosacral fascia?  :-- Waldeyer's fascia - when divided, provides entry to the deep retrorectal pelvis What are the two fascial bundles in the rec...

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  • August 28, 2024
  • 38
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • ABSITE
  • ABSITE
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Apluss
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Elscores: Aug. 27, 24- 2024/2025

Absite Qbank Final Exam Questions And
Answers
How long is the Colon/Rectum?


 :-- 150 cm




What do the anterolateral stalks of the rectum contain?


 :-- Middle Rectal Artery




What is the retrosacral fascia?


 :-- Waldeyer's fascia - when divided, provides entry to the deep retrorectal pelvis




What are the two fascial bundles in the rectum?


 :-- Fascia Propria and Presacral Fascia




What are the muscles of the pelvic floor (LEVATOR ANI)?


 :-- Pubococcygeus, Iliococcygeus, Puborectalis (sling muscle)




What is important about the puborectalis muscle?


 :-- In a state of tonic contraction; allows for maintenance of continence




What is the Arc of Riolan?




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, 2
Elscores: Aug. 27, 24- 2024/2025

 :-- "Meandering Mesenteric Artery" - direct connection from IMA to SMA and allows

flow during times of stenosis




What does injury of the SNS/PNS of the pelvis cause?


 :-- SNS - Ejaculatory dysfunction in males; PNS - Atonic bladder and Impotence




What is the main sympathetic innervation of the pelvis?


 :-- Hypogastric Nerve




Where do the parasympathetic nerves of the pelvis arise from?


 :-- S2-S4




What is the most common bacteria of the colon?


 :-- Bacteroides Fragilis




What is the main energy source for colonic epithelial cells?


 :-- BUTYRATE; formed by colonic bacteria by degredation of complex CHO (Starches

and Non-Starch Polysaccharide/Dietary Fibre)




What type of diverticula are found in the colon?




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, 3
Elscores: Aug. 27, 24- 2024/2025

 :-- False Diverticula - mucosal herniations through sites of penetrations of arterioles on

mesenteric side of antimesenteric tinea




What is characteristic of the histology of the layers of the bowel in diverticular disease?


 :-- The disease segment contains HYPERTROPHIED MUSCLE LAYER




Describe the Hinchey Classification for Diverticulitis?


 :-- H1 = Pericolic inflammation, H2 = Walled off Abscess, H3 = Purulent Peritonitis,

H4 = Feculent Peritonitis




What is the classification for bowel obstruction?


 :-- Dynamic (Mechanical) - Intramural, Mural, Extramural vs Adynamic (Ileus)




What must be done before Neostigmine given for presumed Ogilvie's?


 :-- RULE OUT DISTAL OBSTRUCTION




Does UC penetrate all the layers of the bowel?


 :-- No; Mucosa and Submucosa only; MUSCULARIS IS SPARED




What antibodies are elevated in UC (and not CD)?


 :-- pANCA 86% of patients




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, 4
Elscores: Aug. 27, 24- 2024/2025

What are the extraintestinal manifestations of UC?


 :-- Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Erythema Nodosum, Pyoderma Gangrenosum and

PSC




What extraintestinal manifestions of UC resolve after colectomy?


 :-- All except PSC




What is important about the clinical course of UC patients with PSC?


 :-- Milder clinical course BUT 5X higher risk of colon cancer (usually proximal to

splenic flexure)




What are the medical therapeutic options for IBD?


 :-- 1. Aminosalicylates (5-ASA, Sulfasalazine, Pentasa) 2. Steroids 3. Immunomodulators

(6-MP, Imuran, Cyclosporine) 4. Biologics (Remicade)




What are the indications for surgery in UC?


 :-- Intractibility, Fulminant UC, Bleeding, Toxic Megacolon, Steroid Dependancy




What is the most common indication for operative intervention in UC?


 :-- Intractibility




What are the options for surgical intervention in UC?


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