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NURS 2310 exam 1 questions with correct answers.
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NURS 2310 exam 1 questions with correct answers.
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NURS 2310 exam 1 questions with correct answersThe nurse instructs a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus to avoid which
of the following drugs while taking insulin?
a.
Furosemide (Lasix)
b.
Dicumarol (Bishydroxycoumarin)
c.
Reserpine (Serpasil)
d.
Cimetidine (Tagamet) Correct Answer-ANS: A
Furosemide is a loop diuretic and can increase serum glucose levels; its
use is contraindicated with insulin. Dicumarol, an anticoagulant;
reserpine, an anti-hypertensive; and cimetidine, an H2 receptor
antagonist, do not affect blood glucose levels.
When a diabetic patient asks about maintaining adequate blood glucose
levels, which of the following statements by the nurse relates most
directly to the necessity of maintaining blood glucose levels no lower
than about 74 mg/dL?
a.
"Glucose is the only type of fuel used by body cells to produce the
energy needed for physiologic activity."
b.
"The central nervous system cannot store glucose and needs a
continuous supply of glucose for fuel."
,c.
"Without a minimum level of glucose circulating in the blood,
erythrocytes cannot produce ATP."
d.
"The presence of glucose in the blood counteracts the formation of lactic
acid and prevents acidosis." Correct Answer-ANS: B
The brain cannot synthesize or store significant amounts of glucose; thus
a continuous supply from the body's circulation is needed to meet the
fuel demands of the central nervous system.
The nurse associates which assessment finding in the diabetic patient
with decreasing renal function?
a.
Ketone bodies in the urine during acidosis
b.
Glucose in the urine during hyperglycemia
c.
Protein in the urine during a random urinalysis
d.
White blood cells in the urine during a random urinalysis Correct
Answer-ANS: C
Urine should not contain protein. Proteinuria in a diabetic heralds the
beginning of renal insufficiency or diabetic nephropathy with
subsequent progression to end stage renal disease. Chronic elevated
blood glucose levels can cause renal hypertension and excess kidney
,perfusion with leakage from the renal vasculature. This leaking allows
protein to be filtered into the urine.
What is the nurse's best response about developing diabetes to the
patient whose father has type 1 diabetes mellitus?
a.
"You have a greater susceptibility for development of the disease
because of your family history."
b.
"Your risk is the same as the general population, because there is no
genetic risk for development of type 1 diabetes."
c.
"Type 1 diabetes is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.
Therefore the risk for becoming diabetic is 50%."
d.
"Because you are a woman and your father is the parent with diabetes,
your risk is not increased for eventual development of the disease.
However, your brothers will become diabetic." Correct Answer-ANS: A
Even though type 1 diabetes does not follow a specific genetic pattern of
inheritance, those with one parent with type 1 diabetes are at an
increased risk for development of the disease.
The nurse recognizes which patient as having the greatest risk for
undiagnosed diabetes mellitus?
a.
Young white man
, b.
Middle-aged African-American man
c.
Young African-American woman
d.
Middle-aged Native American woman Correct Answer-ANS: D
The highest incidence of diabetes in the United States occurs in Native
Americans. With age, the incidence of diabetes increases in all races and
ethnic groups.
A diabetic patient is brought into the emergency department
unresponsive. The arterial pH is 7.28. Besides the blood pH, which
clinical manifestation is seen in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and
ketoacidosis?
a.
Decreased hunger sensation
b.
Report of no urine output
c.
Increased respiratory rate
d.
Decreased thirst Correct Answer-ANS: C
Ketoacidosis decreases the pH of the blood, stimulating the respiratory
control area of the brain to buffer the effects of the increasing acidosis.
The rate and depth of respirations are increased (Kussmaul's
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