RNSG 1301 Study Guide || A+ Graded Already.
hypertension (HTN) correct answers persistently high blood pressure
Initial drug therapy for newly diagnosed HTN correct answers thiazide diuretics (found to be the
best out of the classes of diuretics)
Thiazide diuretics (examples) correct answers -hydrochlorothiazide
-chlorothiazide
-hydroflumethiazide
-methyclothiazide
Diltiazem belongs to what drug class correct answers calcium channel blockers
Adverse effects of diltiazem correct answers CNS-dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, asthenia
CV-peripheral edema, bradycardia, AV block
Derm-flushing
GI-nausea and CONSTIPATION
__________ __________ increases the risk of drug toxicity if taking with a calcium channel
blocker (i.e. diltiazem) correct answers grapefruit juice (increases the concentrations of CCB)
Patient education when administering sustained-release antihypertensive drugs correct answers
Priority action for digoxin toxicity correct answers Administer digoxin immune Fab (DigiFab)
-Infused by IV, amount is dependent on how much digoxin was ingested
-works by binding digoxin molecules, making them unavailable at their site of action
-will throw off digoxin levels in the body for about 3 days after administration
What drugs should be avoided when taking digoxin? correct answers verapamil, aminodarone,
quinidine, quinine, erthromycin, tetracycline, or cyclosporine
What herbal treatments should be avoided when taking digoxin? correct answers st. john's wort,
psyllium, ginseng, hawthorn, licorice
Taking digoxin with which drugs may decrease its absorption? correct answers chloestyramine,
charcoal, coslestipol, antacids, bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate
What are human B-type natriuretic peptides? correct answers Brain natriuretic peptides (BNP)
Where are BNP's formed? correct answers in the brain
When are BNPs released? correct answers in response to high ventricular filling pressures
-could be the result of fluid overload or heart muscle failure
-they act to inhibit the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (thus lowering blood pressure)
, Levels of BNP are related to what? correct answers HF
Levels of BNP in HF and lung issues correct answers elevated in HF
normal in lung issues
Milrinone is a _____________ blocker correct answers phosphodiesterase
An allergy to __________ is contraindicated in patients taking milrinone? correct answers either
the drug (or components of the drug) and bisulfides
Side effects of disopyramide correct answers CNS-dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, twitching,
mouth numbness, slurred speech, vision changes, and tremors
GI-changes in taste, nausea, vomiting
CV-heart blocks, hypotension, vasodilation, potential for cardiac arrest
Others-rash, hypersensitivity reactions, loss of hair, and potential bone marrow depression
Disopyramide (Norpace) correct answers Class IA antiarrhythmic
What should the nurse continually monitor when administering an antiarrhythmic agent? correct
answers continuously monitor cardiac rhythm (detect potentially serious adverse effects/evaluate
drug effectiveness)
Patient education for quinidine (class IA like disopyramide) correct answers name of drug,
dosage required (400-600 mg PO, 600 mg IM, then 400 mg IM as needed; 330 mg IV at a rate of
1 mL/min), name, signs of problems, need for periodic monitoring and evaluation
-for adults only, contraindication in patients with an allergy or bradycardia or heart block,
crosses the placenta, only use if the benefit to the mother outweighs the risk to the fetus, do not
use during lactation, there can be drug-drug interactions (inc. bleeding risk if taken with
anticoagulants)
Class II antiarrhythmics are contraindicated in client's with what health history? correct answers
contraindication: presence of sinus bradycardia, AV block, cardiogenic shock, HF, asthma, or
respiratory depression, pregnancy/lactation
caution: patients with diabetes and thyroid dysfunction, renal and hepatic dysfunction
Patient education with sublingual nitroglycerin correct answers -lesions/abrasions under the
tongue could interfere with absorption
-take water before placing tablet under tongue (moisten mucus membranes)
Should you swallow sublingual nitroglycerin? Why or why not? correct answers NO, because it
can lose its effectiveness if it enters the stomach
