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MBI 111 || Already Passed.
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Infection correct answers colonization of the body by a microorganism Disease correct answers any change from the general state of good health; not all disease is due to infection and infection does not always cause disease Sign correct answers Objective evidence of disease (rash, fever) S...

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  • September 17, 2024
  • 8
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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MBI 111 || Already Passed.
Infection correct answers colonization of the body by a microorganism

Disease correct answers any change from the general state of good health; not all disease is due
to infection and infection does not always cause disease

Sign correct answers Objective evidence of disease (rash, fever)

Symptom correct answers Subjective evidence of disease (pain, headache)

Mutualism correct answers benefits both organisms

Commensalism correct answers One population benefits, the other is neither benefit nor harmed

Antagonism (parasitism) correct answers the relationship is beneficial to one organism and
harmful to the other

Pathogenicity correct answers the ability to enter host tissues and cause disease

Virulence correct answers the degree of pathogenicity of a parasite

Avirulent correct answers Microorganisms that do not cause disease

Attenuated correct answers Vaccine strains; A virus that has been weakened and can no longer
cause infection.

Opportunistic correct answers Microorganisms that colonize the host but may or may not cause
disease depending on other factors use disease depending on other factors

Virulence Factors correct answers attributes or strategies that continue to virulence; Adhesins,
Invasins, Evasins, Toxins

Adhesins correct answers enable parasites to attach to host cell or tissue

Invasins correct answers enable parasites to enter and/or move through host cells or tissues

Evasins correct answers enable parasites to escape from host defenses

Toxins correct answers enable parasites to damage host cells

If a microorganism is the causative (etiologic) agent of an infectious disease, it must be:
1. Present in every case of the disease, but absent from the healthy host
2. Isolated and grown in pure culture
3. Able to Cause the disease when a pure culture is inoculated into a healthy host

, 4. Re-isolated from the host that was inoculated with the pure culture correct answers Koch's
Postulates

Epidemiology correct answers study of the occurrence of disease in a human population,
especially the cause (etiology) and transmission of disease

Prevalence correct answers the proportion (or percentage) of diseased individuals in a population
at one time

Incidence correct answers the number of diseased individuals in a population at one time

Epidemic correct answers literally, "upon the people"; commonly refers to an unusually high
incidence of a disease in a community (population) at one time

Endemic correct answers literally, "in the people"; a disease is constantly present, usually at low
incidence, in a population

Pandemic correct answers literally, "all the people"; indicates an epidemic involving more than
one continent or a worldwide epidemic

Reservoir correct answers a site in which infectious agents remain viable (alive) and from which
infection of individuals may occur; a continuing source of disease which may be human, animal,
water or soil

Morbidity correct answers disease; sickness; clinical illness

Mortality correct answers death

Carrier correct answers an infected individual which is not showing obvious signs or symptoms
of clinical disease, but which is shedding the etiologic agent for a long period of time (months)

Zoonoses correct answers diseases which occur primarily in animals but are occasionally
transmitted to people (plague, Lyme disease, rocky mountain spotted fever)

Vector correct answers living agent which transmits infectious agent (ticks, fleas, flies
mosquitoes)

Fomite correct answers non-living object that transmits infectious agents (pencil, doorknob,
handkerchief); ones such as food or water are called vehicles

Communicable Disease correct answers a disease that is transmissible among hosts; a contagious
disease is one that passes among hosts with particular ease (e.g. chickenpox, measles, genital
herpes)

Noncommunicable disease correct answers acquired directly from environment, not easily
transmitted to next host (e.g. tetanus spores)

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