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GU Peds- Chapter 44 Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Normal urethra is one way which means.... not allowing retrograde of urine No reflux of urine Renal function is not completely mature until? 2 years old Define enuresis involuntary urinating ("wet the bed") inappropriate voiding of urine at least twice a week for 3 months in a child who is 5 year...

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  • September 23, 2024
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GU Peds- Chapter 44 Review Questions
and Correct Answers
Normal urethra is one way which means.... ✅not allowing retrograde of urine
No reflux of urine

Renal function is not completely mature until? ✅2 years old

Define enuresis ✅involuntary urinating ("wet the bed")
inappropriate voiding of urine at least twice a week for 3 months in a child who is 5
years or older

What is the normal urine output for children? ✅2ml/kg/hr

If an infant 3 months or younger has a fever what assessment must you do concerning
GU? ✅urinalysis collection to rule out sepsis

If a urine sample is called for a child who is not potty trained, what do you do? ✅to
decrease risk of contamination, all children not toilet trained should have and *I&O
straight cath* to collect urine for urinalysis and culture

what urine sample is at high risk for contamination? ✅Wee

If potty trained, how do you collect urine sample? ✅clean catch mid stream

What should you suspect and assess for in all ill infants? ✅UTI

High incidence of UTIs in ✅uncircumcised males younger than 3 months
after age one more common in females

children with spina bifida are at risk for frequent UTIs due to urinary stasis caused by a
neurogenic bladder and incomplete emptying

What is vesicoureteral reflux? What does it cause? ✅a defect that allows urine to flow
backwards from the bladder back into the utreters and kidneys. Overtime VUR can
*cause scarring and permanent renal damage* and even renal failure.
*If recurrent UTIs are happening, further workup to rule out VUR is necessary*

Define UTIs:
recurrent
persistant
febrile
cystitis

, pyelonephritis
urosepsis ✅recurrent: repeated episodes
persistent: bacteriuria despite antibiotics
febrile: typically indicate pyelonephritis
cystitis: inflammation of bladder
pyelonephritis: upper urinary tract and kidneys
Urosepsis: bacterial illness; urinary pathogens in blood

A child who exhibits the following should be evaluated for UTI: ✅incontinence in a
toilet-trained child
strong-smelling urine in association with other symptoms
frequency or urgency
Pain with urination
Abd pain/vomiting

Clean catch can result in false____, however, no false _____ ✅positive; negative

Therapeutic management of UTIs ✅broad spectrum antibiotics immediately after
culture is obtained until sensitivity from UA/culture results are final.

identify contributing factors to reduce the risk of recurrence

Prevent systemic spread of infection (sepsis)-antibiotics

ensure adequate or increased fluid intake

preserve renal function

Prevention of UTIs teaching ✅Observe regularly for SSx of infection

wipe front to back

encourage sexually active adolescent girls to urinate as soon as possible after
intercourse

cotton underwear

avoid tight clothing and diapers

avoid bubble baths

When recurrent UTIs are happening without a clear etiology, what should you consider?
✅abuse

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