fever in elderly - Answer- Fever response diminished → not likely to have high
temperature, Signs and Symptoms, Errors in measurement
pathogen - Answer- something capable of causing disease
when are Neutrophils needed? - Answer- 1st WBCs to appear at injury/infection -
phagocytosis
when are Eosinophils needed? - Answer- allergic reactions and parasitic infection
when are Basophils and mast cells needed - Answer- allergic reactions, chronic
inflammation and wound healing
Presentation of antigens to T cells - Answer- macrophages bring the disease to the T-
cells and thennn T-cells tell everyone else what to do
what do NK (natural killer) cells do? - Answer- Destroy tumor cells and viruses w/o prior
exposure required
what do T cells do? - Answer- Direct the immune system's function
, what do B cells do? - Answer- Form antibodies
innate immunity - Answer- Responds primarily to microbes and are Composed of skin,
phagocytic cells, NK cells, monocytes - macrophages & cytokines
passive immunity - Answer- Immunity that is given to an individual through antibodies.
(through someone or something else) (i.e., From mother to infant, or Antibody
injections)
adaptive immunity - Answer- Requires exposure to the antigen for development -
vaccines, diseases, Acquired over time, Composed of white blood cells (WBCs) and
their products, More specific than innate immunity, Has memory, Two types: Humoral
and cell-mediated
Antigens - Answer- Substances that evoke the immune response
Antibodies/Immunoglobins - Answer- substances secreted in response to the antigen
Lymphocytes (B cells & T cells) - Answer- cells that recognize & respond to the antigen
Macrophages - Answer- present the antigen to the lymphocytes
Cell mediated adaptive immunity - Answer- Composed of T cells, T cells develop from
stem cells in the bone marrow and move to the thymus gland to mature
Humoral adaptive immunity - Answer- Composed of B cells, Born of stem cells that
remain in the bone marrow to mature., Function to produce antibodies
IgG function - Answer- bacteria, toxins, viruses - second responder to antigens
IgM function - Answer- first responder to an antigen - elevated levels indicate a recent
infection → person w/ elevated IgM = just had an infection
IgE function - Answer- allergic & inflammatory reactions; parasites
Primary response - Answer- First exposure to an antigen that stimulates the
development of antibodies - vaccines are a great example (before your allergic to it)
Secondary response - Answer- Occurs when a person is subsequently exposed to the
antigen; you already have the antigen, but now you get an allergic reaction
Type I Hypersensitivity (immediate) - Answer- IgE receptor stimulation on mast cells
and basophilsm, Anaphylactic reactions (life threathening), Local reactions
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Scholarsstudyguide. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
