EPHE 155 Quiz 2 || Questions and 100% Accurate Answers.
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Course
EPHE 155
Institution
EPHE 155
nutrition to fetus correct answers - amniotic sac (membrane that surrounds the fetus containing the amniotic fluid); placenta (organ produced during pregnancy from maternal and embryonic tissues-secrete hormones, transfers oxygen and nutrients from maternal to fetal blood, and removes wastes)
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EPHE 155 Quiz 2 || Questions and 100% Accurate Answers.
nutrition to fetus correct answers - amniotic sac (membrane that surrounds the fetus containing
the amniotic fluid); placenta (organ produced during pregnancy from maternal and embryonic
tissues-secrete hormones, transfers oxygen and nutrients from maternal to fetal blood, and
removes wastes)
fetal growth correct answers - gestation- the time between conception and birth, approximately
40 weeks in humans; preterm or premature- an infant born before 37 weeks of gestation; very
low birth weight- a birth weight of less than 3.3 lbs (1.5 kg); small-for-gestationalage: a birth
weight of less than 5.5 lbs (2.5 kg)
large for gestational age correct answers an infant weighing more than 4kg (8.8lb) at birth
weight gain in pregnancy correct answers - want to weigh enough so baby has necessary
nutrients; lower weight gain observed in women with normal or low pre-pregnancy body
weights; higher than recommended weight gain more common among women having their first
baby, women who are less educated and women within the Aboriginal population; women who
gained more weight during pregnancy were also more likely to retain that extra weight after
delivery
exercise during pregnancy correct answers continue normal activities but don't start any new
endeavors or do things that could harm the baby
discomforts of pregnancy correct answers - physiological changes during pregnancy can cause
uncomfortable side effects for the mother; these can include: ◦ Edema (swelling) ◦ Morning
sickness ◦ Heartburn ◦ Constipation ◦ Hemorrhoids
edema correct answers swelling due to the buildup of extracellular fluid in the tissues
complications of pregnancy correct answers pregnancy-induced hypertension (includes
gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia); gestational diabetes mellitus
gestational diabetes mellitus correct answers a consistently elevated blood glucose level that
develops during pregnancy and returns to normal after delivery
consequences of gestational diabetes correct answers - Macrosomia—baby born who's
significantly larger than average (> 8lbs, 13 oz but especially higher risk with > 9lbs 15 oz)
•Harder labour and higher risk of caesarean section, shoulder dystocia, vaginal tearing, bleeding
•Higher risk of low blood sugar levels in baby initially and later risk for obesity and metabolic
syndrome (may need supplements since not enough sugar will be in milk) •Higher risk of Type 2
diabetes for the mother
percentage increase of nutrients needed during pregnancy and lactatation correct answers - need
more nutrients in lactation than pregnancy
, - turn on receptors for enhancing calcium absorption in gut when pregnant
- need more iron in pregnancy than lactation, iodine helps growth so need a lot; need more
vitamin A/C/B6/zinc during lactation
energy increases in pregnancy correct answers - Energy increases: 1 st trimester—none 2 nd
trimester—350 kcals 3 rd trimester/lactation—450 kcals What does this look like in food
choices?
fluid needs during pregnancy correct answers - Water carries nutrients to the baby and helps
prevent constipation, hemorrhoids, swelling and urinary/bladder infections in the mom. Women
need one more cup of fluids per day and should still be mindful of sugary beverages and keep
caffeine consumption to less than 200 mg per day.
folic acid during pregnancy correct answers - There is a relationship between lack of folic acid
and neural tube defects (NTDs). •In early 1990s, Health Canada and other organizations advised
women who could become pregnant to get at least 400 μg folic acid daily to prevent NTDs.
•Folate fortification of white flour, cornmeal, and pasta became mandatory in 1998. •Program
has reduced number of NTDs by 46%.
neural tube correct answers portion of the embryo that develops into the brain and spinal cord
prenatal supplements correct answers - supplements are recommended even when Canada's Food
Guide is followed: ◦ Folic acid before and during the pregnancy ◦ Iron during the second and
third trimesters ◦ DHA ◦ Multivitamin and mineral supplement for those with limited food
choices
toxins during pregnancy correct answers - Pregnant women need to be aware of potential toxins
in their food, water, and environment. Health Canada reports that most fish in Canada have very
low mercury levels (exceptions: fresh/frozen tuna, shark, marlin, orange roughy, and escolar).
Canned light tuna (e.g. albacore) has low levels of mercury and is of little concern.
- cyclamate; herbal supplements; under-cooked or raw protein foods (e.g. eggs, meat, poultry,
fish, seafood); unpasteurized juices and ciders; raw sprouts; soft cheeses, deli meats, hot dogs
(could contain listeria)
leading causes of preventable birth defects correct answers FASD
smoking and vaping during pregnancy correct answers - • the Public Health Agency of Canada
recommends that all women stop smoking during pregnancy and maintain a smoke-free
environment during and after pregnancy
lactation correct answers - involves the synthesis of milk components, including protein, lactose
and lipids, and the movement of the milk through the milk ducts to the nipple. The release of
milk from the glands through the ducts is referred to as let-down and triggered by the hormone
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