What are differences in math teaching practices between U.S. teachers and Japanese teachers? What is the rationale for these differences (note: differences in teachers' theories of how children best learn math)? correct answers Differences in textbooks
Japan cover a few important topics per year i...
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What are differences in math teaching practices between U.S. teachers and Japanese teachers?
What is the rationale for these differences (note: differences in teachers' theories of how children
best learn math)? correct answers Differences in textbooks
Japan cover a few important topics per year in depth while US review several topics
Differences in math lessons
Japan focuses on introducing new content, than reviewing the content, and finally practicing new
content
The Us focuses on reviewing content, than practicing new content, than introducing new content
Differences in percentage of problems per lesson
Japan focuses more on making connections, than using procedures, than stating concepts, with
giving results being the smallest percentage
US focuses on stating concepts, giving results, using procedures and the least emphasis on
making connections
Differences in Problem-Solving
US focuses on developing strategies, students learn the right strategies and come up with the
right solutions
japanese teachers focus on allowing students to try out different solutions and than discussing
which method seems to work best
Japanese teachers tend to introduce new topics more so th
What does "nature versus nurture" in development refer to? What are examples? correct answers
Nature refers to biological changes and development of the brain and body while nurture refers
to changes in children's feelings, emotions, and social relationships. Nurture is the effect that a
child's environment has on a child's development.
What does "universality versus diversity" in development refer to? What are examples? correct
answers refers to a continuous process of small changes and 2. refers to progression through
distinct stages; You must progress through one stage to get to another1: example: Height;
children getting taller2: example: Children develop language; "babbling, one-word stage,
sentences"
What does "quantitative versus qualitative" changes in development refer to? What are
examples? correct answers Quantitative refers to the continuous process of small changes such as
height or weight, Qualitative refers to the process of going through distinct stages. You must
progress through one stage to get to another. An example of this is a baby learning to talk. They
first must learn to babble before they can say words and than sentences.
What is a sensitive period in development? How does it differ from a critical period? correct
answers A sensitive period in development is an optimal window of time for development to
occur meaning its the best time to learn/develop. A critical period refers to the experiences that
must happen during a certain period of time because after this critical period it can be extremely
difficult or impossible for the individual to learn/develop.An example of this is learning
linguistics.
, What are the characteristics of Piaget's cognitive theories? How do these differ from
sociocultural theories proposed by Vygotsky? correct answers Emphasize thinking processes and
how they changeAdditionally: - Children play an active role in their development- Younger
children have different thinking strategies because they advance through different stages as they
mature and their active interaction with their environment- The individual in charge of their own
exploration
Lev Vygotsky
Emphasize how social and cultural contexts influence developmentAdditionally:- Learning is
embedded within social events- Children's thinking processes are enriched by their social
interactions with others (more knowledgeable peers and adults)- Focuses on the effects of
interaction
How do ecological theories describe development as proposed by Bronfenbrenner? correct
answers Ecological systems theories believe that children's relationships such as those with their
family, at home, or at school affect their development.
What are potential causes of a baby being born too soon (premature birth)?/ correct answers
Potential causes of a baby being born are age, genetics, infections, birth defects, pregnancy
complications, smoking, and chronic and extreme stress.
One study presented in class examined factors that potentially explained high premature birth
rates among African American mothers. What was the conclusion of that study? correct answers
The conclusion of the study was that African American mothers experience high levels of stress
due to racism and discrimination that they experience during pregnancy.
What are the potential effects of drinking alcohol during pregnancy on child development.
correct answers The potential effects of drinking alcohol during a pregnancy is premature birth,
facial anomalies,low birth weights, and brain damage.
What are innate reflexes exhibited by newborns and young infants? correct answers Rooting
Reflex: stroking the cheek with a finger or nipple leads to the baby turning the head to start
sucking
Grasping Reflex: holds on tight as heck
Moro Reflex: (stimulated by falling) The infant will have a startled look and the arms will fling
out sideways with the palms up and the thumbs flexed
Stepping Reflex: make rhythmic leg movements as if they're walking
Suck, Fling, Cough, Sneeze
What designs (color, pattern) are newborns and young infants attracted to? correct answers
Attracted to things with high contrast, like your hairline or black and white patterns
What is the difference between gross and fine motor skills? correct answers mean large
movements of the body that permit locomotion and 2. mean skills that involve small body
movements, primarily with the hands
1: example: learning to walk, throwing a ball, climbing a ladder
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