MGMT 3302 FINAL 11-15, MGMT 3302 CH 11, MGMT
3302 CH 12 Leadership || All Correct.
What are lower order needs? correct answers Lower order needs are concerned with safety and
physiological/existence requirements
What are higher order needs? correct answers Higher-order needs are concerned with
relationships, challenges, accomplishments, and influence. Studies generally show that higher-
order needs will not motivate as long as lower-order needs remain unmet
How are managers different from leaders? correct answers Managers: do things right, status quo,
short term, means, builders, problem solving
Leaders: do the right things, change, long term, ends, architects, inspiring and motivating
What traits make leaders different from non-leaders? correct answers Desire to lead, honesty and
integrity, drive, cognitive ability, knowledge of the business, emotional stability, self confidence
What does initiating structure mean in terms of leadership behavior? correct answers Degree to
which a leader structures the roles of followers by setting goals, giving directions, setting
deadlines, and assigning tasks. A leader's ability to initiate structure primarily affects
subordinates' job performance.
How do initiating structure and consideration translate to the Blake-Mouton Leadership Grid?
correct answers The extent to which structure and consideration of behaviors affects the concern
for production and concern for people on the grid.
What are the different types of leadership behaviors illustrated on the Blake-Mouton Leadership
Grid? correct answers Country club management, team management, middle of the road
management, impoverished management, authority-compliance
How does Fiedler define leadership style? correct answers Assumes that leadership styles are
consistent and difficult to change; leaders much be matched to right situation
What is Fielder's contingency theory? correct answers Leadership styles are tied to leaders'
underlying needs and personalities.
-People who describe their LPC in a positive way (high score 64 or above on LPC questionnaire)
have relationship-oriented leadership styles.
-People who describe their LPC in a negative way (score 57 or below on LPC questionnaire)
have task-oriented leadership styles.
-People who describe their LPC moderately (score 58 to 63 on LPC questionnaire) have a more
flexible leadership style and can be somewhat relationship or somewhat task oriented.
,How is the least preferred coworker questionnaire administered? correct answers When
completing the LPC scale, people are instructed to consider all of the people with whom they
have ever worked and then to choose the one person with whom they have worked least well.
Fiedler explains, "This does not have to be the person you liked least well, but should be the one
person with whom you have the most trouble getting the job done."
What do the results measure for the LPCQ? correct answers -People who describe their LPC in a
positive way (high score 64 or above on LPC questionnaire) have relationship-oriented
leadership styles.
-People who describe their LPC in a negative way (score 57 or below on LPC questionnaire)
have task-oriented leadership styles.
-People who describe their LPC moderately (score 58 to 63 on LPC questionnaire) have a more
flexible leadership style and can be somewhat relationship or somewhat task oriented.
How is a relationship oriented style defined from the LPCQ? correct answers Relationship-
oriented leaders with high LPC scores were better leaders (i.e., their groups performed more
effectively) under moderately favorable situations.
How is a task oriented leadership style defined from the LPCQ? correct answers Task-oriented
leaders with low LPC scores are better leaders (i.e., their groups performed more effectively) in
highly favorable situations (those with high control) or highly unfavorable situations (those with
low control).
What is situational favorableness? correct answers The degree to which a particular situation
either permits or denies a leader the chance to influence the behavior of group members
What is the most favorable situation for leaders who are relationship oriented? correct answers
Moderately controlled situations
What is the most favorable situation for leaders who are task oriented? correct answers High and
low control situtations
What are the three environmental contingencies in Path goal theory? define them. correct
answers Task structure, formal authority system, primary work group
How are ethical charismatics different from unethical charismatics? correct answers Ethical:
leaders who provide developmental opportunities for followers
Unethical: Leaders who control and manipulate followers
What is communication? correct answers The process of transmitting information from one
person or place to another
, What is perception? correct answers The process by which individuals attend to, organize,
interpret and retain information from their environments
What are the components of the basic perception process? correct answers Stimulus, attention,
organization, interpretation, retention
How do perceptual filters affect perception? correct answers The personality-, psychology-, or
experience-based differences that influence people to ignore or pay attention to particular stimuli
How does perception create problems for organizations? correct answers Perception creates
communication problems for organizations because people exposed to the same communication
and information can end up with completely different ideas and understandings.
What are the two most common perception problems? correct answers Selective perception:
Tendency to notice and accept objects and information consistent with one's values, beliefs, and
expectations, while ignoring or screening inconsistent information
Closure: Tendency to fill in gaps of missing information by assuming that what one doesn't know
is consistent with what one already knows
What is attribution theory? correct answers People have a basic need to understand and explain
the causes of other peoples behavior
What is the difference between internal and external attribution? correct answers In an internal,
or dispositional, attribution, people infer that an event or a person's behavior is due to personal
factors such as traits, abilities, or feelings. In an external, or situational, attribution, people infer
that a person's behavior is due to situational factors.
What is defensive bias? correct answers The tendency for people to perceive themselves as
personally and situationally similar to someone who is having difficulty or trouble
Who in the organization typically leans towards defensive bias? correct answers Workers
What is fundamental attribution error? correct answers The tendency to ignore external causes of
behavior and to attribute other people's actions to internal causes
Who in the organization typically leans towards the fundamental attribution error? correct
answers Managers
What is the self serving bias? Why is it problematic for organizations? correct answers Tendency
to overestimate one's values by attributing successes to oneself and failures to others or the
environment
What are the components of the communication process? correct answers Sender:
Message to be conveyed, encode message, transmit message.
Receiver:
