Psychometrics correct answers Evaluating ATTRIBUTES of pysc tests:
1. Types of info (usually test scores)
2. Reliability of data
3. Validity of data.
Reliability general term correct answers Its consistency. The precision with which the test measures, and the extent to which error is present ...
PSYC3302 || with 100% Accurate Solutions.
Psychometrics correct answers Evaluating ATTRIBUTES of pysc tests:
1. Types of info (usually test scores)
2. Reliability of data
3. Validity of data.
Reliability general term correct answers Its consistency. The precision with which the test
measures, and the extent to which error is present in the measurements
Validity general term correct answers The degree to which it measures what it purports to
measure
Unobservable attributes correct answers Psyc attributes are not directly observable. Instead tend
to observe human behaviour, measure it and draw inferences. e.g. Working memory via
operation span.
Requires making inferences.
Better referred to as hypothetical constructs or latent variables.
Operations used to measure these known as operational definitions
Operational definitions correct answers Operations/procedures used to measure hypothetical
constructs (also known as latent variables) are known as operational definitions
Psychological test definition 3 components correct answers "is a systematic procedure for
comparing the behavior of two or more people" (Cronbach)
1. Involve behavioural samples
2. Behavioural samples collected systematically
3. Purpose to compare behav of 2 or more people
Types of psychological tests correct answers So many! Vary on:
Content (skill, personality etc)
Types of responses (MCQ, open-ended)
Administration procedure (individual or group)
Time constraints (speed v power)
Intended purposes (criterion v norm referenced)
Criterion referenced psychological tests correct answers Evaluate score w reference to a set
standard. E.g. to drive a car must satisfy criteria of examiner.
Often called mastery tasks
Norm-referenced psyc tests correct answers Compare w scores from a reference sample (pop'n of
interest).
Compared to the average e.g. intelligence, SAT etc
, Individual differences correct answers The main purpose of pysc measurement.
Must be capable of inter-individual diff (comparing behav of diff people) or intra-individual
(comparing behav of same person at diff time/context)
Inter-individual differences correct answers Comparing the behaviour of diff people.
Contributes to test score variability
Intra-individual differences correct answers Comparing behav of same people at diff times or
diff contexts.
Contributes to test score variability
Differential psychology correct answers The study of individual differences
Francis Galton correct answers The father of psychometrics.
Psychology & psychometrics misconception correct answers Common misconception that
psychometrics is the province of psychology (becasue Galton). Not true!
Psychologists measure behav and psychological attributes. So they must have an understanding
of psychometrics
Challenges in measurement correct answers Demand characteristics (sloppy experimenting)
Social desirability
Malingering (individual tries to be -ve)
Experimenter bias etc
Scaling correct answers How numerical values are assigned to psychological attributes.
A fundamental psychometric issue
3 key properties of numbers correct answers Numbers are used to represent the amount of a psyc
attribute someone possesses.
1. Identity
2. Order
3. Quantity
Number property of Identity correct answers Most basic form of measurement.
The 'sameness' v 'differentness' by sorting into categories (numbers as arbitrary categories)
3 rules for sorting individuals into number categories correct answers 1. Must satisfy the
property of 'identity' (numbers indicating a category are arbitrary
2. Categories must be mutually exclusive
3. Categories must be exhaustive
Number property of order correct answers Relative amount of attribute someone possesses. The
numbers matter (conveys more info than identity). Shows relative difference but not the degree
of difference
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