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N618 Patho EXAM 2 Study Questions with correct answers.
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N618 Patho EXAM 2 Study Questions with correct answers.
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N618 Patho EXAM 2 Study Questions with correctanswers
A 44-year-old woman developed calf pain during a transatlantic flight
followed by acute shortness of breath upon arrival at her destination. She
was subsequently diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism (PE) which
resolved with anticoagulant therapy. Which of these statements best
characterizes the underlying problem of her PE? Correct Answer-She
was short of breath because ventilation was occurring but perfusion was
inadequate.
A medical student is working with a 61-year-old male client in the
hospital who has presented with a new onset of atrial fibrillation. Which
of the following courses of treatment will the student most likely expect
the attending physician to initiate? Correct Answer-Anticoagulants, beta
blockers, and possibly digitalis
A patient with unstable angina is being treated with antithrombotic
medications. Which statement best describes why antithrombotic
medication is being used? Correct Answer-Anticoagulation therapy
targets the coagulation pathway and slows or stops the formation of the
fibrin clot
An 81-year-old female client of a long-term-care facility has a history of
congestive heart failure. The nurse practitioner caring for the client has
positioned her sitting up at an angle in bed and is observing her jugular
venous distention. Why is jugular venous distention a useful indicator
for the assessment of the client's condition? Correct Answer-Blood
backs up into the jugular vein because there are no valves at the point of
entry into the heart
,A physiotherapist is measuring the lying, sitting, and standing blood
pressure of a patient who has been admitted to hospital following a
syncopal episode and recent falls. Which of the following facts about the
patient best relate to these health problems? Correct Answer-The client
is 89 years old and takes a diuretic medication for his congestive heart
failure.
Which of the following clients would be considered to have a significant
risk of developing the prerenal form of acute renal failure? Correct
Answer-A 79-year-old man with diagnoses of poorly controlled diabetes
mellitus and congestive heart failure
A patient is reading a brochure on atherosclerosis while in the waiting
room of a medical clinic. Which of the following excerpts from the
educational brochure warrants correction? Correct Answer-"Because
smoking causes a permanent increase in your risk of heart disease, it's
best not to start."
A nurse is providing care for a client who has a history of severe
atherosclerosis. Which of the following clinical manifestations of the
client's illness would the nurse be most justified in anticipating? Correct
Answer-Aneurysm formation due to weakening of blood vessel walls
A 70-year-old male client presents to the emergency department
complaining of pain in his calf that is exacerbated when he walks. His
pedal and popliteal pulses are faintly palpable, and his leg distal to the
pain is noticeably reddened. What would his care provider's preliminary
, diagnosis and anticipated treatment most likely be? Correct Answer-
Atherosclerotic occlusive disease necessitating thrombolytic therapy
A 55-year-old Caucasian man has been diagnosed with atherosclerosis.
He understands that his lifestyle includes many of the risk factors for
developing the disease, but he asks the physician, "What actually caused
my disease?" What is the best scientific answer the doctor can give?
Correct Answer-"LDL and VLDLs stimulate endothelial cell
dysfunction."
Tom A. is a 45-year-old man who smokes. His father died of coronary
artery disease when he was 48 years old, and his grandfather died at age
52 from CAD also. Which of the above risk factors for atherosclerosis
can be modified? Correct Answer-Smoking
A physiology instructor is explaining the hemoglobin dissociation curve
in lecture. In his description of allosteric binding of hemoglobin to
oxygen, he explains how changes can occur due to changes in the
chemical environment. Which of the following situations is most likely
to result in an increased binding affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?
Correct Answer-Three of four binding sites on a client's hemoglobin
molecule are occupied by oxygen.
Which of the following patients is most likely to be experiencing
vasodilation? Correct Answer-A 51-year-old man with a history of
hypertension who is taking a medication that blocks the effect of the
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
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