PSYC 305 QUIZ 12 || QUESTIONS AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS.
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Course
PSYC 305
Institution
PSYC 305
nature vs nurture correct answers -ability to learn (nurture) is affected by gentic makeup (nature) of the individual
-nature or nurture is not possible you need both
-genetic factors can directly affect learning by affecting structure and function of nervous system
-genetic factros also indire...
PSYC 305 QUIZ 12 || QUESTIONS AND 100%
ACCURATE ANSWERS.
nature vs nurture correct answers -ability to learn (nurture) is affected by gentic makeup (nature)
of the individual
-nature or nurture is not possible you need both
-genetic factors can directly affect learning by affecting structure and function of nervous system
-genetic factros also indirectly affect learning, because people differ in their sensitivitity to
various stimuli, their intensity of reaction, or their level of emotionality
heredity combines with environment correct answers so that outcome is better described as an
interaction of genes and environment
tyron's breeding of rats for maze learning correct answers -selective breeding
animals with similar learning ability were bred together over several generations
-selected best maze learners and bred them together (maze bright and maze dull rats)
by 18th gen he could predict whether or not theyd be good at maze
-there was almost no overlap in performance
big problem with Tyron's breeding of rats correct answers these rats looked very diff
-bright maze rats would explore everything, they liked to be picked up (emotionally stable)
-maze dull rats would do nothing in an open environment or sit in a corner, not exploring, if you
pick them up they try to run away (emotionally unstable)
he argued he was breeding for intelligence but he may have been breeding for emotionality
unintentionally
tullys fruit flies correct answers fruit flies in t maze
door in side that shocks
did same thing as tyron bred them amongst themselves
so he had dunce flies who couldnt do the task and amnestic flies who could do it but would
forget when put away for a while
copper and zoobeck correct answers raised maze bright and maze dull rats in 3 environments
-took bright and dull and split them amongst three
-normal environment
-raised by manufacturer nad shipped as group
-staye din their own cages with food and water
-tehy could smell and hear other rats
-environment was clean adn they were picked up
-minimal interaction
-enriched environment
-they were all together
-could touch and interact
-tunnels and balls
-lots of rat tyos
, -impoverished environment
-separated them
-couldnt see smell or hear other animals
tried to amke it so they couldnt see you when feeding
no interaction
-raised them inenvironment for 3 months and then tested them in learning tasks
environment makes a huge difference
-data like this inspired the head start program
-you dont need to have this early in life
-putting you in an environment so you can be successful makes a huge difference no matter your
age
tang produced transgenic mice correct answers inserted dna altered cells in hippocampus this
strain of mice learned better than normal mice
metabolic costs with learning ability
this is why not everyone is smart
human studies correct answers more difficult because breeding history and environment are not
controllable
-twins method
measures similarity of identical twins and similarity of fraternal twins
-are identical twins more alike in learning and memory?
results show that memory is a hereditary component
-even among genetically identical individualsa given gene will not make a differnce unless its
expressed
-environment determines whether or when gene gets turned on or off
conditioning and age diff correct answers young and old do not condition as well as age group
sin betwen
-CC decreases with increased age
prenatal learning correct answers -expose fetus to some experience before birth and then test
after to see whether prenatal learning occurred
-a stimulus expereicne before birth can function as a positive reinforcer after birth in
instrumental conditioning
-mother speaks to fetus, baby can later recognize voice, this becomes a reinforcer
conditioning in infants correct answers eye blink, head turn, sucking responses
-can use mothers voice as reinforcement
memory development in children correct answers capacity to remember develops from infancy
through childhood and adolescence and young adulthood
childhood amnesia correct answers first experiences are not remembers, key areas of brain
(hippocampus) have not matured
lack episodic memories from infancy
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