Mortality of America's Children Correct Answer-Unintentional Injuries (Accidents) are leading cause of death in children over age 1 year. Lowest rate of death is among 5-14 years b/c this is the age group developmentally that values and follows rules. Violent deaths increasing esp. among 10-25yrs.
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N304 Quiz #1 questions with correct answers
Mortality of America's Children Correct Answer-Unintentional Injuries
(Accidents) are leading cause of death in children over age 1 year.
Lowest rate of death is among 5-14 years b/c this is the age group
developmentally that values and follows rules. Violent deaths increasing
esp. among 10-25yrs.
Drastic rise during later adolescence (homicide, suicide, MVA etc).
Family-Centered Care Correct Answer-Dignity and respect for the child
and family. Information sharing with the family. Participation in care by
the family. Collaboration with the family to plan and provide care.
Letting a parent participate in the child's care as much as possible is very
beneficial to the parents and child.
Atraumatic Care Correct Answer-what can we do to minimize the
trauma of procedures
Relationship-Based Care Correct Answer-Patient and family remain the
focal point in the plan of care. RN has one-on-one time with family.
Care is individualized. Address all concerns of patient and family.
Respect is key. Shared decision making
Role of Pediatric Nurse Correct Answer-Incorporates knowledge of
growth and development.
Recognizes physiological differences between children and adults.
Provides care in a developmentally appropriate manner. Recognizes
family as integral. Practices culturally sensitive health care
,Issues in Pediatric Nursing Correct Answer-Ethical consideration in
pediatric medical research-> meds are almost always tested in adults
first, before children. More chronically ill children. Follow-up and
education for families after discharge-> children are going home with
numerous medical interventions (PICC lines, NG tubes, trachs, etc.).
Noncompliance with therapies.
Age of consent in pediatric population-> legal age varies from state-to-
state. Right to consent is different from right to refuse (PA = age 14).
Must be parent and/or legal guardian that gives consent for treatment.
Mandatory reporting of abuse. Just because a child has a baby, does
NOT automatically make them emancipated-> they need to go to court
and get papers proving this.
Trends in Pediatric Nursing Correct Answer-Earlier onset of puberty.
Shift the focus of medical/nursing care from disease treatment to health
promotion and disease prevention. Health education in the school
systems. Incorporating families into the overall care of pediatric patients.
Trend toward having sick children maintained in the home. Autism
spectrum is increasingly prevalent, requiring more education and
research. Increase in childhood Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes
Who are the 4 main developmental theorists used in peds? Correct
Answer-1) Erikson: Stages of psychosocial development. Viewed
development in life as a series of conflicts.
2) Piaget: Theory of cognitive development. How children learn.
3) Freud: Stages of psychosexual development.
,4) Kohlberg: Stages of moral development. Closely parallels Paget's
cognitive development theory. How does a child accept the rules and
values of our society.
Developmental Theories: Infant B-1 year Correct Answer-Erikson:
Psychosocial-Trust vs Mistrust.
Piaget: Cognitive-Sensorimotor (B-2y)
Object permanence.
Developmental Theories: Toddler
1-3 years Correct Answer-Erikson: Psychosocial-Autonomy vs shame &
doubt.
Piaget: Cognitive-Sensorimotor Preoperational
(2-7 y), Egocentrism
Developmental Theories: Preschooler
3-6 years Correct Answer-Erikson: Psychosocial-Initiative vs. guilt.
Piaget: Cognitive-Preoperational
Developmental Theories: School aged
6-12 years Correct Answer-Erikson: Psychosocial-Industry vs.
inferiority.
Piaget: Cognitive-Concrete operations (7-11y) conservation
Developmental Theories: Adolescent
, 12-18 years Correct Answer-Erikson: Psychosocial-Identity vs role
confusion.
Piaget: Cognitive-Formal operations. Abstract reasoning, deduction,
hypothesis.
Erikson's Psychosocial Development of Infant Correct Answer-Trust vs.
Mistrust. Consistent care, not perfect care, will develop this trust.
Erikson's Psychosocial Development of Infant & Toddler Correct
Answer-Stranger anxiety-> starts first few months of life. Need this to
have separation anxiety. Temperament (All 3 are normal!):
1) Easy- "good baby" predictable, even tempered.
2) Difficult- highly active, irritable, moody, irregular habits. Intense
emotions.
3) Slow to warm up - inactive, moody, adapts slowly to stimuli, express
mildly intense negative emotions.
Can't change baby's temperament but teach parents how to deal with
this.
Erickson's Psychosocial Development in Toddler (1-3y) Correct
Answer-Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt. Negativism-> "No". Only
give toddler choices when choices exist.
Ritualism-> when you break their rituals, you lose their trust. Try to
make hospital as close to home environment as possible.
Separation anxiety-> protest is the first stage, is expected and normal. If
we don't see protest when parent leaves bedside, this is a red flag.
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