NURS 305 Midterm Weeks 1-7 questions with correct
answers
What is afterload? Correct Answer-The pressure or resistance against
which the ventricles must pump to eject blood
What is preload (end-diastolic volume)? Correct Answer-Force exerted
by the blood on the walls of the ventricles at the end of diastole
What is a contraction? Correct Answer-Ability of cardiac cells to
shorten, causing cardiac muscle contraction in response to an electrical
stimulus
What is venous return? Correct Answer-The amount of blood flowing
into the right atrium each minute from the systemic circulation
What is stroke volume? Correct Answer-The amount of blood ejected
from a ventricle with each heartbeat
What is an ejection fraction? Correct Answer-The percentage of blood
pumped out of a heart chamber with each contraction
What is cardiac output? Correct Answer-The amount of blood pumped
into the aorta each minute by the heart
- Stroke volume x heart rate
,What does it mean if you have low venous return? Correct Answer-Your
preload is low
What does it mean if you have a large venous return? Correct Answer-
Your preload is high
What is the normal amount of blood that is pumped by the heart with
each beat? Correct Answer-55-70%
What is diastole? Correct Answer-The phase of the cardiac cycle where
the atria and ventricles relax between contractions and blood enters these
chambers
When the term diastole is used without reference to a specific chamber
of the heart, which chamber does it imply? Correct Answer-Ventricular
diastole
What is systole? Correct Answer-Contraction of the heart during which
blood is propelled into the pulmonary artery and aorta
When the term systole is used without reference to a specific chamber of
the heart, which chamber does it imply? Correct Answer-Ventricular
systole
,What is blood pressure? Correct Answer-The force exerted by the
circulating blood volume on the walls of the arteries
What is heart failure? Correct Answer-A condition in which the heart is
unable to pump enough blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body; it
may result from any condition that impairs preload, afterload, cardiac
contractility, or heart rate
What is shock? Correct Answer-Inadequate tissue perfusion that results
from the failure of the cardiovascular system to deliver sufficient oxygen
and nutrients to sustain vital organ function
What are the three main areas of the heart? Correct Answer-1. Sinoatrial
(SA) node
2. AV node
3. Conduction fibers within the ventricle, specifically the bundle of His,
the bundle branches, and the Purkinje fibres
What is the intrinsic pacemaker rate of the SA node? Correct Answer-
60-100 bpm
What is the intrinsic pacemaker rate for the AV node? Correct Answer-
40-60 bpm
What is the intrinsic pacemaker rate for the purkinje fibers? Correct
Answer-15-40 bpm
, What is a cardiac cycle? Correct Answer-One complete mechanical
cycle of the heartbeat, beginning with ventricular contraction and ending
with ventricular relaxation
- Atrial systole
- Isovolumic contraction
- Ventricular systole
- Isovolumic relaxation
- Ventricular diastole
What is atrial systole? Correct Answer-- When the atria contracts
- Done to fill the ventricles
- Majority of the filling into ventricles is not active but passive
- When blood goes back into the atria, the AV valves open
- When the atria contracts, they eject at least 30% of the blood into the
ventricles (70% is done passively). After the pressure is filled, the
ventricles pressure is higher than the atria because the atria just emptied
(all valves are shut). Ventricles will now tense and start their systole and
start to contract
What is isovolumic contraction? Correct Answer-Pressure beyond the
ventricles, contracting, all valves are closed
answers
What is afterload? Correct Answer-The pressure or resistance against
which the ventricles must pump to eject blood
What is preload (end-diastolic volume)? Correct Answer-Force exerted
by the blood on the walls of the ventricles at the end of diastole
What is a contraction? Correct Answer-Ability of cardiac cells to
shorten, causing cardiac muscle contraction in response to an electrical
stimulus
What is venous return? Correct Answer-The amount of blood flowing
into the right atrium each minute from the systemic circulation
What is stroke volume? Correct Answer-The amount of blood ejected
from a ventricle with each heartbeat
What is an ejection fraction? Correct Answer-The percentage of blood
pumped out of a heart chamber with each contraction
What is cardiac output? Correct Answer-The amount of blood pumped
into the aorta each minute by the heart
- Stroke volume x heart rate
,What does it mean if you have low venous return? Correct Answer-Your
preload is low
What does it mean if you have a large venous return? Correct Answer-
Your preload is high
What is the normal amount of blood that is pumped by the heart with
each beat? Correct Answer-55-70%
What is diastole? Correct Answer-The phase of the cardiac cycle where
the atria and ventricles relax between contractions and blood enters these
chambers
When the term diastole is used without reference to a specific chamber
of the heart, which chamber does it imply? Correct Answer-Ventricular
diastole
What is systole? Correct Answer-Contraction of the heart during which
blood is propelled into the pulmonary artery and aorta
When the term systole is used without reference to a specific chamber of
the heart, which chamber does it imply? Correct Answer-Ventricular
systole
,What is blood pressure? Correct Answer-The force exerted by the
circulating blood volume on the walls of the arteries
What is heart failure? Correct Answer-A condition in which the heart is
unable to pump enough blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body; it
may result from any condition that impairs preload, afterload, cardiac
contractility, or heart rate
What is shock? Correct Answer-Inadequate tissue perfusion that results
from the failure of the cardiovascular system to deliver sufficient oxygen
and nutrients to sustain vital organ function
What are the three main areas of the heart? Correct Answer-1. Sinoatrial
(SA) node
2. AV node
3. Conduction fibers within the ventricle, specifically the bundle of His,
the bundle branches, and the Purkinje fibres
What is the intrinsic pacemaker rate of the SA node? Correct Answer-
60-100 bpm
What is the intrinsic pacemaker rate for the AV node? Correct Answer-
40-60 bpm
What is the intrinsic pacemaker rate for the purkinje fibers? Correct
Answer-15-40 bpm
, What is a cardiac cycle? Correct Answer-One complete mechanical
cycle of the heartbeat, beginning with ventricular contraction and ending
with ventricular relaxation
- Atrial systole
- Isovolumic contraction
- Ventricular systole
- Isovolumic relaxation
- Ventricular diastole
What is atrial systole? Correct Answer-- When the atria contracts
- Done to fill the ventricles
- Majority of the filling into ventricles is not active but passive
- When blood goes back into the atria, the AV valves open
- When the atria contracts, they eject at least 30% of the blood into the
ventricles (70% is done passively). After the pressure is filled, the
ventricles pressure is higher than the atria because the atria just emptied
(all valves are shut). Ventricles will now tense and start their systole and
start to contract
What is isovolumic contraction? Correct Answer-Pressure beyond the
ventricles, contracting, all valves are closed
