UCONN MCB 2610
What do microorganism generally need to grow? - correct answer
✔Macronutrients and Micronutrients
Macronutrients - correct answer ✔all cells need access too large amounts of
carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and oxygen to build macromolecules
Micronutrients - correct answer ✔often required for protein structure/activity,
biosynthesis of ATP by electron transport-related processes
Mn, Zn, Co, Mo, Ni, Cu, Na, Mg
required in small amounts
often are contaminants in other thing
often supplied in water or in media components
ubiquitous in nature
serve as part of enzymes and cofactors
aid in catalysis of reaction and maintenance of protein structure
Some organisms also require unique substances such as ____ used to
construct the ____ walls of ____ - correct answer ✔silicic acid
,silica
diatoms
No matter what an organism's nutrient requirement they require a balanced
mix and if one nutrient is limited or in short supply the organism will have
_____. - correct answer ✔limited growth
Protein element makeup - correct answer ✔C, H, O, N, S
Lipid element makeup - correct answer ✔C, H, O, P
Carbohydrate element makeup - correct answer ✔C, H, O
Nucleic acids element makeup - correct answer ✔C, H, O, N, P
____ is the backbone of all organic components present in cell - correct
answer ✔carbon
hydrogen and oxygen are also found in ____ - correct answer ✔organic
molecules
____ play a role in energy production used for cellular work and reduction of
CO2 to form organic molecules - correct answer ✔electrons
autotrophs - correct answer ✔assimilate carbon from inorganic sources
,heterotrophs - correct answer ✔assimilate carbon in preexisting organic form
organotrophs - correct answer ✔acquire their electrons from organic
molecules (e.g. glucose)
lithotrophs - correct answer ✔acquire their electrons from inorganic sources
(e.g. H2 has and elemental sulfur)
phototrophs - correct answer ✔capture light energy to produce ATP
chemotrophs - correct answer ✔capture energy from oxidation of reduced
organic or inorganic compounds
some organism have great metabolic ____ and alter their metabolism in
response to environmental ____ - correct answer ✔flexibility
changes
metabolic flexibility provides _____ to organisms that experience frequent
changes in environmental conditions - correct answer ✔distinct advantages
microorganisms have an absolute requirement for ___ - correct answer
✔nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur
Nitrogen - correct answer ✔needed for amino acids, purines, pyrimidines,
some carbohydrates, lipids, enzymes cofactors, etc.
supplied in numbers ways such as metabolism of amino acids, nitrates,
ammonia, and some fix N2 from atmosphere
, Phosphorus - correct answer ✔needed for nucleic acids, phospholipids,
nucleotides, some cofactors, some proteins, etc.
usually supplied as inorganic phosphate
most organisms use inorganic phosphorus which is directly incorporated into
their cells
Sulfur - correct answer ✔needed for amino acids (cysteine and methionine),
some carbohydrates, biotin and thiamine
usually supplied as sulfur via assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway (use
inorganic source)
most organisms use sulfate and reduce it by assimilatory sulfate reduction
growth factors - correct answer ✔something that the organism needs that it
cannot make
some organisms require ____ to support growth - correct answer ✔growth
factors
some organism can synthesis all organic molecules from a single ____ and
_____ - correct answer ✔carbon source
inorganic salts
growth factors - correct answer ✔organic compounds that cannot be
synthesized by an organism but are essential for growth
What do microorganism generally need to grow? - correct answer
✔Macronutrients and Micronutrients
Macronutrients - correct answer ✔all cells need access too large amounts of
carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and oxygen to build macromolecules
Micronutrients - correct answer ✔often required for protein structure/activity,
biosynthesis of ATP by electron transport-related processes
Mn, Zn, Co, Mo, Ni, Cu, Na, Mg
required in small amounts
often are contaminants in other thing
often supplied in water or in media components
ubiquitous in nature
serve as part of enzymes and cofactors
aid in catalysis of reaction and maintenance of protein structure
Some organisms also require unique substances such as ____ used to
construct the ____ walls of ____ - correct answer ✔silicic acid
,silica
diatoms
No matter what an organism's nutrient requirement they require a balanced
mix and if one nutrient is limited or in short supply the organism will have
_____. - correct answer ✔limited growth
Protein element makeup - correct answer ✔C, H, O, N, S
Lipid element makeup - correct answer ✔C, H, O, P
Carbohydrate element makeup - correct answer ✔C, H, O
Nucleic acids element makeup - correct answer ✔C, H, O, N, P
____ is the backbone of all organic components present in cell - correct
answer ✔carbon
hydrogen and oxygen are also found in ____ - correct answer ✔organic
molecules
____ play a role in energy production used for cellular work and reduction of
CO2 to form organic molecules - correct answer ✔electrons
autotrophs - correct answer ✔assimilate carbon from inorganic sources
,heterotrophs - correct answer ✔assimilate carbon in preexisting organic form
organotrophs - correct answer ✔acquire their electrons from organic
molecules (e.g. glucose)
lithotrophs - correct answer ✔acquire their electrons from inorganic sources
(e.g. H2 has and elemental sulfur)
phototrophs - correct answer ✔capture light energy to produce ATP
chemotrophs - correct answer ✔capture energy from oxidation of reduced
organic or inorganic compounds
some organism have great metabolic ____ and alter their metabolism in
response to environmental ____ - correct answer ✔flexibility
changes
metabolic flexibility provides _____ to organisms that experience frequent
changes in environmental conditions - correct answer ✔distinct advantages
microorganisms have an absolute requirement for ___ - correct answer
✔nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur
Nitrogen - correct answer ✔needed for amino acids, purines, pyrimidines,
some carbohydrates, lipids, enzymes cofactors, etc.
supplied in numbers ways such as metabolism of amino acids, nitrates,
ammonia, and some fix N2 from atmosphere
, Phosphorus - correct answer ✔needed for nucleic acids, phospholipids,
nucleotides, some cofactors, some proteins, etc.
usually supplied as inorganic phosphate
most organisms use inorganic phosphorus which is directly incorporated into
their cells
Sulfur - correct answer ✔needed for amino acids (cysteine and methionine),
some carbohydrates, biotin and thiamine
usually supplied as sulfur via assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway (use
inorganic source)
most organisms use sulfate and reduce it by assimilatory sulfate reduction
growth factors - correct answer ✔something that the organism needs that it
cannot make
some organisms require ____ to support growth - correct answer ✔growth
factors
some organism can synthesis all organic molecules from a single ____ and
_____ - correct answer ✔carbon source
inorganic salts
growth factors - correct answer ✔organic compounds that cannot be
synthesized by an organism but are essential for growth
