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OTD 356 Exam Two Questions with Correct Answers
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Does a neurologist-optometrist have a professional degree or MD - Answer-Professional Does a neurologist-ophthalmologist have a professional degree or MD? - Answer-MD Is low vision rehabilitation compensatory or remediation? - Answer-compensatory Is neurologic vision therapy compensatory o...

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  • October 17, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • does a neurologist optometrist have a professional

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OTD 356 Exam Two Questions with
Correct Answers
Does a neurologist-optometrist have a professional degree or MD - Answer-
Professional

Does a neurologist-ophthalmologist have a professional degree or MD? - Answer-MD

Is low vision rehabilitation compensatory or remediation? - Answer-compensatory

Is neurologic vision therapy compensatory or remediation - Answer-remediation

bilateral visual impairment that cannot be corrected by coercive lenses, medication or
surgery - Answer-low vision rehab

Common diagnoses of low vision rehab - Answer-diseases of the eye (glaucoma,
diabetic retinopathy etc.)

Loss of visual field and/or acuity is related to neurological vision or low vision - Answer-
low vision

addresses and rehabilitates vision changes that are secondary to neurological injury -
Answer-neurologic vision therapy

common diagnoses of neurological vision - Answer-stroke, brain injury etc.

What three things are at the bottom of Mary Warren's Hierarchical Model of Visual
Processing - Answer-visual acuity, visual fields, oculomotor control

clarity of vision, both in high contrast and low contrast situations; "quality" of vision -
Answer-visual acuity

visual surround that can be seen when one looks straight ahead; "quantity" of vision -
Answer-visual fields

efficient use of eyes together to achieve and maintain foveation; gives us binocular
fusion - Answer-oculomotor control

What four items are in the middle of the pyramid of Mary Warren's Hierarchical Model of
Visual Processing - Answer-1. visual attention
2. visual scanning
3. pattern recognition
4. visual memory

,ability to observe objects closely to gain information - Answer-visual attention

eyes moving around objects and space gathering information; motor expression of
visual attention - Answer-visual scanning

recognition of salient features; what makes an object distinct - Answer-pattern
recognition

memory that supports decisions of what one sees based on prior knowledge - Answer-
visual memory

what is at the top of the pyramid of Mary Warren's Hierarchical Model of Visual
Processing - Answer-visuocognition

ability to manipulate visual information mentally and integrate it with other sensory
information to gain knowledge, formulate plans, make decisions and solve problems -
Answer-visuocognition

What is the primary visual pathway mostly involved with - Answer-sensation

what is the secondary visual pathway mostly involved with - Answer-perception for
action

Primary visual pathway (11) - Answer-1. light enters
2. cornea
3. pupil
4. lens
5. retina
6. optic nerve
7. optic chiasm
8. optic tract
9. thalamus (LGN)
10. optic radiation
11. primary visual cortex

detects visual sensation - Answer-primary visual cortex

interprets visual sensations and responsible for perception - Answer-association cortex

What are the two types fo association cortex - Answer-unimodal and multimodal
association cortex

higher-order processing mostly for single sensory (or motor) modality - Answer-
unimodal association cortex

, usually adjacent to primary sensory (or motor) area - Answer-unimodal association
cortex

impairments to sensory of this area leads to agnosia - Answer-unimodal association
cortex

sensation without perception - Answer-agnosia

involved in integrating functions from multiple sensory and/or motor modalities -
Answer-multimodal association cortex

another name for the multimodal association cortex - Answer-heteromodal association
cortex

secondary visual pathway (3) - Answer-1. primary visual cortex
2. visual association cortex
3. multimodal association cortex (posterior and anterior)

What function does this body structure align with: primary visual cortex - Answer-visual
fields

What function does this body structure align with: visual association cortex - Answer-
visual perception

What function does this body structure align with: multimodal association cortex -
Answer-visual-spatial, perception, praxis

What does the dorsal stream tell you - Answer-where; spatial processing

What does the ventral stream tell you - Answer-what; object processing

What pathway is typically more affected in brain injury - Answer-dorsal stream

Where does the dorsal stream start and end - Answer-occipital lobe --> parietal lobe

involved with movement detection and spatial orientation/localization - Answer-dorsal
stream

allows global awareness of environment to move and function - Answer-dorsal stream

What do impairments of the dorsal stream lead to: (4) - Answer-1. impaired visuospatial
abilities
2. inattention/neglect
3. inability to perceive motion
4. difficulty initiating and directing ocular movements

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